StrongerBible

harag

הָרַג

HebrewH2026slay, kill, ...

Appears 167 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 4:8Gen 4:14Gen 4:15Gen 4:23Gen 4:25Gen 12:12Gen 20:4Gen 20:11Gen 26:7Gen 27:42Gen 34:25Gen 34:26Gen 49:6Exo 2:14 (2×)Exo 2:15Exo 4:23Exo 5:21Exo 13:15Exo 21:14Exo 23:7Exo 32:12Exo 32:27Lev 20:15Num 11:15 (2×)Num 22:29Num 22:33Num 25:5Num 31:7Num 31:8 (2×)Num 31:17 (2×)Num 31:19Deu 13:9(10) (2×)Jos 8:24Jos 9:26Jos 10:11Jos 13:22Jdg 7:25 (2×)Jdg 8:17Jdg 8:19Jdg 8:20Jdg 8:21Jdg 9:5Jdg 9:18Jdg 9:24 (2×)Jdg 9:45Jdg 9:56Jdg 16:2Jdg 20:51Sa 16:21Sa 22:21
Root family
Word studyha-RAHGverb

What harag means

to kill: to put a person (or creature) to death by violence

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This is the plain, all-purpose word for taking a life by force. On its own it says nothing about whether the killing is right or wrong: the same word covers a soldier cutting down an enemy, a court putting a criminal to death, a jealous man murdering his brother, and God striking down the firstborn of Egypt. What it always names is the violent ending of a life and the responsibility of the one who brings it about.

Because the word itself is silent about justice, the moral weight comes entirely from the surrounding story. Cain killing Abel and Israel killing the kings of Midian use the very same verb; only the context tells you that one is murder and the other is war. The senses below are not different words but the different settings in which one act of killing happens, so a verse can sit in more than one of them when the setting is mixed.

The word also turns up in its passive form, where the focus shifts from the one who kills to the one who is killed: the slain, those put to death, the people cut down. Hebrew poetry in particular lingers on the slain as a vivid picture of devastation.

Nuances

1ato murder: to kill a person unlawfully, out of malice, envy, or treachery
Gen 4:8Gen 4:25Gen 27:41Gen 27:42Gen 37:20Gen 37:26Exo 2:14 (2×)Exo 2:15Jdg 9:5Jdg 9:18Jdg 9:24 (2×)Jdg 9:56
1bto slay in battle: to cut down enemies in war or armed conflict
Num 31:7Num 31:8 (2×)Jos 8:24Jos 10:11Jos 13:22Jdg 8:17Jdg 8:18Jdg 8:192Sa 10:181Ch 19:182Ch 28:6Est 9:6
1cto put to death: to kill by lawful sentence or command, as punishment
Exo 21:14Exo 23:7Exo 32:27Lev 20:15Lev 20:16Num 25:5Deu 13:9(10) (2×)2Sa 4:121Ki 19:12Ki 11:182Ch 23:172Ch 25:3
1dof God putting to death: God slaying in judgment
Exo 13:15Exo 22:24Psa 78:31Psa 78:34Psa 78:47Psa 135:10Psa 136:18Hos 6:5Hos 9:13Amo 2:3Amo 9:1Amo 9:4
1eto be slain: to be killed, said of the dead and the victims
Est 9:11Psa 44:22Pro 7:26Isa 10:4Isa 14:19Isa 26:21Isa 27:7Jer 18:21Lam 2:20Ezk 26:6Ezk 26:15Ezk 37:9

Uncategorized

Awaiting AI sense categorization.

5 verses
Job 5:2Job 20:16Pro 1:32Ecc 3:3Isa 22:13

What scholars say about harag

Standard lexica treat this as a single verb meaning to kill or slay, neutral as to the legality of the act. HALOT and BDB list killing in war, judicial and sanctioned execution, personal murder, and divine slaying as contextual uses of one root rather than as separate words. TDOT and TWOT note that it is among the broadest of the Hebrew killing verbs and is distinguished from the narrower term of the sixth commandment, which is bound up with bloodguilt. The passive forms describe the slain.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. הרגlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. הרגlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. הרגlexicon
  • F.-L. Hossfeld and B. Kalthoff, הרג, in TDOTtheological-dictionary
  • TWOT, s.v. הרגtheological-dictionary

All attested forms of הָרַג

qal consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיַּהֲרֹג, וַיַּהַרְגֵ

Exo 13:15, Jdg 8:17, Jdg 8:21, Jdg 9:5, 2Sa 10:18, 1Ch 19:18, 2Ch 21:4, 2Ch 24:22

qal infinitive-construct construct

הֲרֹג, הָרְגֶ, הָרְגֵ, הֲרוֹג, הֲרָגֲ, הָרְג

Exo 2:15, Exo 32:12, Jos 8:24, Jdg 9:24, Jdg 9:56, Jdg 20:5, 1Ki 11:24, 1Ki 18:13

qal perfect 3cp

הָרְגוּ, הָרָגוּ, הֲרָגוּ

Gen 34:26, Gen 49:6, Num 31:8, Num 31:8, Jos 10:11, Jos 13:22, Jdg 7:25, 2Sa 3:30

qal perfect 3ms

הָרַג, הָרָג, הֲרָג, הֲרָגָ

Jdg 9:24, 1Sa 22:21, 1Ki 19:1, 2Ch 22:1, Jdg 9:45, 2Sa 14:7, 1Ki 9:16, Gen 4:25

qal imperfect 3ms

יַהֲרֹג, יַהֲרָג, יַהַרְגֵ

Psa 10:8, Psa 78:47, Isa 14:30, Ezk 26:8, Ezk 26:11, Job 5:2, Gen 4:14

qal perfect 1cs

הָרַגְתִּי, הֲרַגְתִּי

Gen 4:23, Num 22:33, Jdg 8:19, Amo 4:10, Num 22:29, 1Sa 24:11, Hos 6:5

qal perfect 2ms

הָרַגְתָּ, הָרָגְתָּ, הֲרַגְתָּ

Exo 2:14, 2Sa 12:9, Lam 2:21, Lam 3:43, 2Ch 21:13, Isa 14:20, 1Sa 24:18

qal consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיַּהַרְגוּ, וַיַּהַרְגֻ

Gen 34:25, Num 31:7, Jdg 7:25, 2Sa 4:12, Est 9:15, 2Ch 24:25

qal consecutive-perfect 3ms

וַהֲרָגָ, וְהָרַג

1Sa 16:2, 1Ki 18:12, 1Ki 18:14, Psa 135:10, Isa 27:1

qal consecutive-perfect 3cp

וַהֲרָגוּ, וַהֲרָגֻ, וְהָרְגוּ

Gen 20:11, 1Ch 7:21, 1Ki 12:27, Gen 12:12

qal imperative 2mp

הִרְגוּ, הֲרֹגוּ

Exo 32:27, Num 25:5, Num 31:17, Num 31:17

qal imperfect 3mp

יַהֲרֹגוּ, יַהֲרְגֻ, יַהַרְגֻ

Psa 94:6, Ezk 23:47, Zec 11:5, Gen 26:7

qal infinitive-absolute absolute

הָרֹג

Num 11:15, Deu 13:9, Est 9:16, Isa 22:13

qal participle m s absolute

הֹרֵג, הוֹרֵג

Exo 4:23, Num 31:19, Hos 9:13, Ezk 21:11

qal passive-participle m p absolute

הֲרוּגִים, הֲרֻגִים

Est 9:11, Isa 10:4, Ezk 37:9, Isa 14:19

qal passive-participle m p construct

הֲרֻגֵי, הֲרֻגֶי, הֲרֻגָי, הֲרוּגֶי

Jer 18:21, Pro 7:26, Isa 27:7, Isa 26:21

qal imperfect 2ms

תַּהֲרֹג, תַּהַרְגֶ

Gen 20:4, 2Ki 8:12, Deu 13:9

qal consecutive-imperfect 1cs

וָאֶהְרְגֵ

2Sa 4:10, 2Ki 10:9

qal consecutive-imperfect 2mp

וַתַּהַרְגוּ

Jdg 9:18, 2Ch 28:9

qal consecutive-perfect 1cp

וַהֲרְגְנֻ, וַהֲרַגְנוּ

Jdg 16:2, Neh 4:11

qal imperative 2ms

הֲרֹג, הָרְגֵ

Jdg 8:20, Num 11:15

qal imperfect 1cs

אֶהֱרֹג, אֶהֱרוֹג

Amo 9:1, Amo 2:3

qal imperfect 2mp

תַּהֲרֹגוּ, תַּהַרְגוּ

Lev 20:15, Ezk 9:6

qal imperfect 3fs

תַּהַרְגֵ

Job 20:16, Pro 1:32

qal jussive 2ms

תַּהֲרֹג, תַּהַרְגֵ

Exo 23:7, Psa 59:11

qal participle m p absolute

הֹרְגִים

2Ki 17:25, Jer 4:31

qal participle m s construct

הֹרֵג

Gen 4:15, 2Ki 9:31

niphal imperfect 3fp

תֵּהָרַגְנָה

Ezk 26:6

niphal imperfect 3ms

יֵהָרֵג

Lam 2:20

niphal infinitive-construct construct

הָרֵג

Ezk 26:15

pual perfect 1cp

הֹרַגְנוּ

Psa 44:22

pual perfect 3ms

הֹרָג

Isa 27:7

qal cohortative 1cs

אַהַרְגָה

Gen 27:41

qal conjunctive-imperfect 1cp

וְנַהַרְגֵ

Gen 37:20

qal consecutive-perfect 1cs

וְהָרַגְתִּי

Exo 22:24

qal consecutive-perfect 2ms

וְהָרַגְתָּ

Lev 20:16

qal consecutive-perfect 3fs

וַהֲרָגָתַ

Amo 9:4

qal imperfect 1cp

נַהֲרֹג

Gen 37:26

qal participle m p construct

הֹרְגֶ

Ezk 28:9

qal perfect 2mp

הֲרַגְתֶּם

Jdg 8:18

1 further parsings are listed under Syntax.