StrongerBible

navat

נָבַט

HebrewH5027look, behold, ...

Appears 69 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 15:5Gen 19:17Gen 19:26Exo 3:6Exo 33:8Num 12:8Num 21:9Num 23:211Sa 2:321Sa 16:71Sa 17:421Sa 24:8(9)1Ki 18:43 (2×)1Ki 19:62Ki 3:141Ch 21:21Job 6:19Job 28:24Job 35:5Job 36:25Job 39:29Psa 10:14Psa 13:3(4)Psa 22:17(18)Psa 33:13Psa 34:5(6)Psa 74:20Psa 80:14(15)Psa 84:9(10)Psa 91:8Psa 92:11(12)Psa 94:9Psa 102:19(20)Psa 104:32Psa 119:6Psa 119:15Psa 119:18Psa 142:4(5)Pro 4:25Isa 5:12Isa 5:30Isa 8:22Isa 18:4Isa 22:8Isa 22:11Isa 38:11Isa 42:18Isa 51:1Isa 51:2Isa 51:6
Root family
Word studyna-VATverb

What navat means

to look intently: to fix the eyes or the attention on something with real interest, not a passing glance

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

At its core this word is not just to see but to look hard at, to turn the eyes toward something and hold them there. Where the ordinary word for seeing reports what happens to fall in view, this verb is deliberate. It is the looking of someone who scans the horizon for rain, who counts the stars one by one, or who locks eyes on a person and weighs what is there.

Because looking this closely is always an act of the will, the word carries far beyond the eyes. Who or what a person fastens their gaze on says what they care about, hope for, or trust. So the Bible uses it for turning to God for help, for God turning his attention toward a sufferer in mercy, for staring at evil one cannot stop, and for the steady contemplation of God's words and works. The senses below are not different words but the same intent look aimed in different directions and with different feeling.

The disposition behind the look is supplied by the situation, not by the verb itself. The same form means tender regard when God does it to the afflicted and powerless complaint when a prophet says God seems to be watching wrongdoing and doing nothing. The reader has to ask not only that someone looks but where they look and with what heart.

Nuances

1ato direct the eyes at something, to gaze
Gen 15:5Gen 19:17Gen 19:26Exo 3:6Num 21:91Sa 17:421Ki 18:43 (2×)1Ki 19:6Job 39:29Psa 104:32Isa 22:8Isa 42:18
1bto look to God in trust, turning the eyes toward him for help or deliverance
Psa 34:5(6)Isa 51:1Isa 51:2Jon 2:4(5)Zec 12:10
1cto look upon someone with favor and concern; of God, to turn his attention toward a person or their plight in mercy
1Sa 16:7Psa 13:3(4)Psa 74:20Psa 80:14(15)Psa 84:9(10)Psa 102:19(20)Psa 142:4(5)Isa 63:15Isa 66:2Lam 1:11Lam 2:20Lam 5:1
1dto look upon evil, trouble, or wrongdoing; to have it before one's eyes
Num 23:211Sa 2:32Psa 10:14Psa 91:8Psa 92:11(12)Isa 5:30Isa 8:22Lam 1:12Lam 3:63Hab 1:3Hab 1:13 (2×)Hab 2:15
1eto consider attentively; to fix the mind on God's words or works and take them in
Num 12:8Job 35:5Job 36:25Psa 119:6Psa 119:15Psa 119:18Isa 5:12Isa 22:11Isa 51:6Hab 1:5

What scholars say about navat

The standard lexica treat this verb (used almost entirely in the causative stem) as a verb of intent, directed looking, distinct from and stronger than the general verb for seeing, with which it is frequently paired. Its semantic range is organized not by separate roots but by the object and disposition of the look: physical gazing, looking to God in trust, God's gracious regard of the afflicted, the troubled looking upon evil, and the contemplative regarding of God's words and works. BDB and HALOT note the recurring construction with the preposition "to/toward" and the figurative extension to favorable or attentive regard.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. נבטlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. נבטlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. נבטlexicon
  • Fuhs, "nabat," in TDOTtheological-dictionary

All attested forms of נָבַט

hiphil imperative 2ms

הַבֵּט, הַבִּיטָ, הַבֶּט, הַבֵּיט

1Ki 18:43, Job 35:5, Psa 74:20, Psa 80:14, Psa 84:9, Isa 63:15, Psa 13:3, Lam 1:11

hiphil imperative 2mp

הַבִּיטוּ

Isa 42:18, Isa 51:1, Isa 51:2, Isa 51:6, Lam 1:12, Hab 1:5

hiphil infinitive-construct construct

הַבִּיט, הַבִּיטִ, הַבִּיטָ

Exo 3:6, Jon 2:4, Hab 1:13, Hab 2:15, Psa 119:6, Lam 4:16

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיַּבֵּט

1Sa 17:42, 1Sa 24:8, 1Ki 18:43, 1Ki 19:6, 1Ch 21:21

hiphil imperfect 2ms

תַּבִּיט

Gen 19:17, Psa 10:14, Psa 91:8, Hab 1:3, Hab 1:13

hiphil imperfect 3ms

יַבִּיט

Num 12:8, Job 28:24, Job 36:25, Psa 94:9, Isa 8:22

hiphil imperfect 1cs

אַבִּיט

2Ki 3:14, Isa 38:11, Isa 66:2, Amo 5:22

hiphil imperfect 3mp

יַבִּיטוּ

Job 39:29, Psa 22:17, Pro 4:25, Isa 5:12

hiphil cohortative 1cs

אַבִּיטָה

Psa 119:15, Psa 119:18, Isa 18:4

hiphil perfect 3ms

הִבִּיט

Num 23:21, Psa 33:13, Psa 102:19

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3fs

וַתַּבֵּט

Gen 19:26, Psa 92:11

hiphil consecutive-perfect 3cp

וְהִבִּיטוּ

Exo 33:8, Zec 12:10

hiphil perfect 3cp

הִבִּיטוּ

Job 6:19, Psa 34:5

hiphil conjunctive-imperfect 1cs

וְאַבִּיט

Isa 63:5

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 2ms

וַתַּבֵּט

Isa 22:8

hiphil consecutive-perfect 2ms

וְהִבַּטְתָּ

1Sa 2:32

hiphil consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְהִבִּיט

Num 21:9

hiphil jussive 2ms

תַּבֵּט

1Sa 16:7

hiphil participle m s absolute

מַּבִּיט

Psa 104:32

hiphil perfect 2mp

הִבַּטְתֶּם

Isa 22:11

piel consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְנִבַּט

Isa 5:30