StrongerBible

ulam

אוּלָם

HebrewH0197porch, portico, ...

Appears 34 times · tap a cell to see the verses

1Ki 6:31Ki 7:6 (2×)1Ki 7:7 (2×)1Ki 7:8 (2×)1Ki 7:121Ki 7:191Ki 7:211Ch 28:112Ch 3:42Ch 8:122Ch 15:82Ch 29:72Ch 29:17Ezk 8:16Ezk 40:7Ezk 40:8Ezk 40:9 (2×)Ezk 40:15Ezk 40:39Ezk 40:40Ezk 40:48 (2×)Ezk 40:49Ezk 41:15Ezk 41:25Ezk 41:26Ezk 44:3Ezk 46:2Ezk 46:8Jol 2:17
Word studyoo-LAHMnoun

What ulam means

porch, vestibule: a roofed entrance hall built across the front of a large building

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This word names the covered entrance hall, or porch, that stood across the front of an important building. It was not a small doorstep but a grand roofed vestibule you passed through on the way to the main rooms inside.

Most often it is the porch of the LORD's temple, the entrance hall in front of the main sanctuary (1 Kings 6:3; 2 Chronicles 3:4). The area just outside that door was a set place for prayer and mourning: priests are pictured weeping "between the porch and the altar" (Joel 2:17), and it is where idolaters stand in Ezekiel 8:16.

In Solomon's palace the same word names several great pillared halls: the Hall of Pillars, and the Hall of the Throne, also called the Hall of Justice, where the king gave judgment (1 Kings 7:6, 7:7). In Ezekiel's vision of a future temple it covers both the temple's own porch and the covered porches of its gateways (Ezekiel 40:8, 40:48).

So the one word covers any of these roofed entrance halls. Which building is meant comes from the surrounding description, not from a change in the word itself.

1Ki 6:31Ki 7:6 (2×)1Ki 7:7 (2×)1Ki 7:8 (2×)1Ki 7:121Ki 7:191Ki 7:211Ch 28:112Ch 3:42Ch 8:122Ch 15:82Ch 29:7

What scholars say about ulam

The standard lexica (BDB; HALOT; DCH) gloss אוּלָם as porch, vestibule, or entrance hall. It is attested 34 times and clusters in the descriptions of Solomon's temple and palace (1 Kings 6-7; 2 Chronicles 3; 8) and in Ezekiel's temple vision (Ezekiel 40-46). The term denotes the covered forecourt or entrance hall fronting the sanctuary (1 Kings 6:3; 2 Chronicles 3:4), the recurring cultic locus "between the porch and the altar" (Joel 2:17; Ezekiel 8:16), and, in the palace complex, the colonnaded halls of 1 Kings 7:6-8, among them the Hall of Pillars and the Hall of the Throne (also styled the Hall of Justice). The etymology is uncertain: proposals connect it with a Semitic base for "front," while others relate it to אַיִל in the sense of a projecting pillar or pilaster, and an Akkadian loan has also been floated. In Ezekiel 40 it stands beside the closely related byform אֵילָם/אֵלָם used of the gate jambs or piers, and commentators (e.g. Zimmerli) weigh whether individual forms denote the gate's porch or its projecting piers; Cogan sets out the palace halls in his treatment of 1 Kings.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. אוּלָםlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. אוּלָם / אֻלָםlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. אוּלָםlexicon
  • Mordechai Cogan, I Kings (Anchor Yale Bible)commentary
  • Walther Zimmerli, Ezekiel 2 (Hermeneia)commentary

All attested forms of אוּלָם

m s construct

אֻלָם, אוּלָם, וְאוּלָם, לְאוּלָם

1Ki 7:7, 1Ki 7:12, 1Ki 7:21, Ezk 40:8, Ezk 40:9, Ezk 40:9, Ezk 40:15, Ezk 40:39

m s absolute

הָאוּלָם, אֻלָם, וְהָאוּלָם, בָּאוּלָם, וְאוּלָם, כָּאוּלָם, לָאוּלָם

1Ch 28:11, 2Ch 8:12, 2Ch 29:7, Ezk 8:16, Ezk 41:25, Ezk 41:26, Jol 2:17, Ezk 40:48

m p construct

אֻלַמֵּי

Ezk 41:15