StrongerBible

avah

אָוָה

HebrewH0183desire, long for, ...

Appears 26 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Num 11:4Num 11:34Deu 5:21Deu 12:20Deu 14:261Sa 2:162Sa 3:212Sa 23:151Ki 11:371Ch 11:17Job 23:13Psa 45:11(12)Psa 106:14Psa 132:13Psa 132:14Pro 13:4Pro 21:10Pro 21:26Pro 23:3Pro 23:6Pro 24:1Ecc 6:2Isa 26:9Jer 17:16Amo 5:18Mic 7:1
Word studyah-VAHverb

What avah means

to long for: to set the heart and appetite on something one wants

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

This verb names the inner reaching of a person toward something wanted. It is the pull of appetite and longing, the moment the soul fastens on a thing and wishes to have it. It almost always travels with the word for the soul or inner life, so the Hebrew pictures desire welling up from the whole person rather than a passing wish.

The word itself is neutral. It takes its color entirely from what is craved. The same longing reaches for meat and water in the wilderness, for a neighbor's house, for the beauty of a bride, for justice, and for God himself. Nothing in the word decides whether the desire is good or evil; that is settled by its object and by whether it trusts God or defies him.

The senses below sort the occurrences by what is desired rather than by any change in the word: a bodily hunger for food or drink, a wrongful craving for what is not one's own, a longing of the heart for someone or something, and, striking in its own right, God setting his heart on Zion as the place he will dwell.

Nuances

1ato crave food or drink; the hunger of bodily appetite
Num 11:4Num 11:34Deu 12:20Deu 14:261Sa 2:162Sa 23:151Ch 11:17Psa 106:14Pro 23:3Pro 23:6Mic 7:1
1bto covet; to crave what is not rightfully one's own
Deu 5:21Pro 21:10Pro 21:26Pro 24:1
1cto long for; to wish for something the heart is set on
2Sa 3:211Ki 11:37Psa 45:11(12)Pro 13:4Ecc 6:2Isa 26:9Jer 17:16Amo 5:18
1d(of God) to set his heart on; to choose and delight in as his own
Job 23:13Psa 132:13Psa 132:14

What scholars say about avah

The standard lexica (BDB, HALOT, DCH) treat this as a single verb meaning "to desire, long for, crave", attested in the Piel and Hithpael stems, regularly with nephesh ("soul, appetite") as its subject. The meaning is not in dispute; the range of English renderings reflects the neutrality of the verb, whose moral value is supplied by the object desired rather than by the word. The wilderness narrative of Numbers 11 supplies a memorable wordplay, the craving (hitavvu taavah, "they craved a craving") giving the place its name Kibroth-hattaavah ("the graves of craving"). The cognate noun taavah (H8378) denotes the desire or the thing desired.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. אוהlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. אוה Ilexicon
  • DCH, s.v. אוהlexicon
  • G. Mayer, 'אָוָה', in Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (TDOT)reference

All attested forms of אָוָה

piel imperfect 3fs

תְּאַוֶּה

Deu 12:20, Deu 14:26, 1Sa 2:16, 2Sa 3:21, 1Ki 11:37

piel perfect 3fs

אִוְּתָה

Job 23:13, Pro 21:10, Mic 7:1

hithpael consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיִּתְאַוֶּה, וַיִּתְאָיו

2Sa 23:15, 1Ch 11:17

hithpael jussive 2ms

תִּתְאָיו

Pro 23:6, Pro 24:1

hithpael participle m p absolute

מִּתְאַוִּים

Num 11:34, Amo 5:18

piel perfect 1cs

אִוִּיתִי, אִוִּתִי

Isa 26:9, Psa 132:14

hithpael consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיִּתְאַוּוּ

Psa 106:14

hithpael imperfect 2ms

תִתְאַוֶּה

Deu 5:21

hithpael imperfect 3ms

יִתְאַוֶּה

Ecc 6:2

hithpael jussive 3ms

יִתְאָו

Psa 45:11

hithpael participle f s absolute

מִתְאַוָּה

Pro 13:4

hithpael perfect 1cs

הִתְאַוֵּיתִי

Jer 17:16

hithpael perfect 3cp

הִתְאַוּוּ

Num 11:4

hithpael perfect 3fs

הִתְאַוָּה

Pro 21:26

piel jussive 2mp

תִּתְאָיו

Pro 23:3

piel perfect 3ms

אִוָּ

Psa 132:13