StrongerBible

sharat

שָׁרַת

HebrewH8334minister, serve, ...

Appears 97 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 39:4Gen 40:4Exo 24:13Exo 28:35Exo 28:43Exo 29:30Exo 30:20Exo 33:11Exo 35:19Exo 39:1Exo 39:26Exo 39:41Num 1:50Num 3:6Num 3:31Num 4:9Num 4:12Num 4:14Num 8:26Num 11:28Num 16:9Num 18:2Deu 10:8Deu 17:12Deu 18:5Deu 18:7Deu 21:5Jos 1:11Sa 2:111Sa 2:181Sa 3:12Sa 13:172Sa 13:181Ki 1:41Ki 1:151Ki 8:111Ki 10:51Ki 19:212Ki 4:432Ki 6:152Ki 25:141Ch 6:32(17)1Ch 15:21Ch 16:41Ch 16:371Ch 23:131Ch 26:121Ch 27:11Ch 28:12Ch 9:4
Root family
Word studyshah-RAHTverb

What sharat means

to wait on someone in trusted, honored service: to attend a person of rank or to minister before God

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

This is the dignified word for service. It pictures the trusted attendant who stays close to a superior and carries out his wishes: the steward who runs a great household, the young man who follows a master and learns from him, the courtier who waits in a king's presence. The service is honorable, not menial, and it usually puts the servant in a position of standing and confidence.

Its two settings are the same kind of service aimed in two directions. One is service to a person of rank, where the word names attendants like Joseph in Potiphar's house, Joshua at Moses' side, or the officials around a king. The other is service to God, where it becomes the standard term for the priests and Levites who do the work of worship at the sanctuary. The connection is direct: ministering before the LORD is pictured as personal attendance on the King of kings, done by those granted the privilege of drawing near.

Because the same word covers both, Scripture can move easily between a servant attending a person and a priest attending God, and the reader is meant to feel the dignity in both. This is what sets it apart from the ordinary word for serving as a slave or laborer.

Nuances

1ato attend on a person of rank as a trusted personal servant or aide
Gen 39:4Gen 40:4Exo 24:13Exo 33:11Num 11:28Jos 1:12Sa 13:172Sa 13:181Ki 1:41Ki 1:151Ki 10:51Ki 19:21
1bto minister before God: the worship-service of priests and Levites at the sanctuary
Exo 28:35Exo 28:43Exo 29:30Exo 30:20Exo 35:19Exo 39:1Exo 39:26Exo 39:41Num 3:6Num 8:26Num 16:9Num 18:2

What scholars say about sharat

Standard lexica treat this as a single verb meaning to serve or minister in an honored, attendant sense, distinct from the more general word for serving (H5647). It is used both of personal service to people of rank and, predominantly, of the cultic ministry of priests and Levites before the LORD; the two are understood as one range, not two unrelated words.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. שׁרתlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. שׁרתlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. שׁרתlexicon
  • TDOT, s.v. שׁרת (sharath)theological-dictionary
  • TWOT, no. 2472 (sharath)theological-dictionary

All attested forms of שָׁרַת

piel infinitive-construct construct

שָׁרֵת, שָׁרְת, שָׁרְתֵ, שָׁרְתָ, שָׁרֶת

Exo 28:35, Exo 28:43, Exo 29:30, Exo 30:20, Exo 35:19, Exo 39:1, Exo 39:26, Exo 39:41

piel participle m p construct

מְשָׁרְתֵי, מְשָׁרְתָי, מְשָׁרְתָ

Isa 61:6, Jer 33:22, Ezk 45:4, Ezk 45:5, Ezk 46:24, Jol 1:9, Jol 1:13, Jol 1:13

piel participle m p absolute

מְשָׁרְתִים, מְשָׁרְתִם

1Ch 6:32, 1Ch 16:4, 1Ch 27:1, 1Ch 28:1, 2Ch 13:10, 2Ch 17:19, 2Ch 22:8, 2Ch 23:6

piel imperfect 3mp

יְשָׁרְתוּ, יְשָׁרְתֻ

Num 3:31, Num 4:9, Num 4:12, Num 4:14, 2Ki 25:14, Isa 60:7, Isa 60:10, Jer 52:18

piel participle m s construct

מְשָׁרְת, מְשָׁרֵת

Exo 24:13, Exo 33:11, 2Sa 13:17, 2Sa 13:18, 2Ki 4:43, Num 11:28, Jos 1:1, 2Ki 6:15

piel consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיְשָׁרֶת, וַיְשָׁרְתֵ

Gen 39:4, Gen 40:4, 1Ki 19:21

piel participle m s absolute

מְשָׁרֵת

1Sa 2:11, 1Sa 2:18, 1Sa 3:1

piel consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְשֵׁרֵת

Num 8:26, Deu 18:7

piel conjunctive-imperfect 3mp

וִישָׁרְתוּ

Num 18:2

piel consecutive-imperfect 3fs

וַתְּשָׁרְתֵ

1Ki 1:4

piel consecutive-perfect 3cp

וְשֵׁרְתוּ

Num 3:6

piel imperfect 3ms

יְשָׁרְתֵ

Psa 101:6

piel participle f s absolute

מְשָׁרַת

1Ki 1:15