to set: to place, put, or fix something or someone in a position, a state, or a role
This is a poetic word for putting something in place. It is at home in psalms, prophecy, and wisdom poetry, where it does the work that the everyday verb for setting and placing does in prose. Its core picture is simple: an actor takes something, someone, or even an abstract thing like enmity or attention and deliberately positions it.
The senses below are not different words but the same act of setting aimed at different kinds of objects. You can set an object down in a place, set a person into an office or a thing into a new condition, set your mind on something so that you attend to it, set yourself against an enemy, or set a burden or penalty on someone. Hebrew uses this one verb for all of them, so the English word changes (place, make, appoint, fix, impose) while the underlying action stays the same.
Because the act is so general, the surrounding words usually tell you which shade is meant: a place name points to physical placing, a second object points to making one thing into another, the word for heart or mind points to paying attention, and a hostile target points to setting oneself against someone.