StrongerBible

shittah

שִׁטָּה

HebrewH7848acacia, acacia wood, ...

Appears 28 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Exo 25:5Exo 25:10Exo 25:13Exo 25:23Exo 25:28Exo 26:15Exo 26:26Exo 26:32Exo 26:37Exo 27:1Exo 27:6Exo 30:1Exo 35:7Isa 41:19
Root family
Names & words formed with this
Word studyshit-TAHnoun

What shittah means

acacia: the hardy desert acacia tree and, above all, the durable timber cut from it

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This word names a single thing seen from two angles: the acacia tree that grows wild in the dry country south and east of the land, and the tough, close-grained wood that tree yields. Nearly every appearance is about the wood, because acacia was the one good building timber a people camped in the wilderness could actually find. The tabernacle and its furniture were framed almost entirely from it.

The wood mattered because of what it was: dense, resistant to rot and insects, and available in the desert where cedar and cypress were not. Its senses hold together simply. When the text speaks of the standing tree it means the plant; when it speaks of the material worked by craftsmen it means the timber. There is no shift in the underlying idea, only in whether the tree is growing or has been cut and shaped.

The living tree appears just once, in a promise that God will plant trees in the desert, where acacia sits in a list of species alongside cedar, myrtle, and cypress. Everywhere else the wood is being measured, joined, and overlaid with gold to build the place where Israel met God.

Nuances

1aacacia wood: the durable desert timber cut and worked for the ark, the tabernacle frames, and its furnishings
Exo 25:5Exo 25:10Exo 25:13Exo 25:23Exo 25:28Exo 26:15Exo 26:26Exo 26:32Exo 26:37Exo 27:1Exo 27:6Exo 30:1
1bthe living acacia tree, growing in the wilderness
Isa 41:19

What scholars say about shittah

The lexica identify the word straightforwardly as the acacia (probably Acacia raddiana / Acacia tortilis, the umbrella thorn of the Sinai and Arabah), valued for hard, durable, decay-resistant wood. The plural is effectively a collective for the timber, appearing almost always in the construct phrase "wood of acacias" for tabernacle and ark construction; the feminine singular in Isaiah 41:19 denotes the living tree in a list of species. The Septuagint renders the wood as "undecaying wood," reflecting the timber's noted resistance to rot.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. שִׁטָּהlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. שִׁטָּהlexicon
  • Michael Zohary, Plants of the Bible (Cambridge, 1982)monograph

All attested forms of שִׁטָּה

m p absolute

שִׁטִּים, שִׂטִּים

Exo 25:5, Exo 25:10, Exo 25:13, Exo 25:23, Exo 25:28, Exo 26:15, Exo 26:26, Exo 26:32

f s absolute

שִׁטָּה

Isa 41:19