StrongerBible

raḥav

רָחָב

HebrewH7342broad, wide, ...

Appears 21 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 34:21Exo 3:8Jdg 18:101Ch 4:40Neh 3:8Neh 4:19(13)Neh 7:4Neh 9:35Neh 12:38Job 11:9Job 30:14Psa 101:5Psa 104:25Psa 119:45Psa 119:96Pro 21:4Pro 28:25Isa 22:18Isa 33:21Jer 51:58Ezk 23:32
Root family
Word studyrah-KHAHVadjective

What raḥav means

broad, wide: reaching far across a space, and by extension stretching beyond ordinary limits

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

At its root this word measures width: something that stretches far from side to side. It is the everyday word for a spacious land, a thick city wall, a wide sea, or a gaping breach. In this plain sense it simply describes physical extent, and English "broad" or "wide" fits it cleanly. It is closely tied to the verb of the same family (רָחַב), which means to grow wide or to make room.

From that spatial core the word reaches into the figurative. A commandment can be "broad" in the sense of limitless scope (Psalm 119:96), and to walk "in a broad place" is to move without constraint, a picture of freedom (Psalm 119:45). Here breadth has become a metaphor for room, openness, and liberty, close to the noun for an open expanse (מֶרְחָב).

The same image turns dark when it is applied to the inner person. A heart or an appetite that is "broad" is one that has swollen past its proper size. The person "broad of heart" is the arrogant person who thinks too highly of himself (Psalm 101:5; Proverbs 21:4), and the one "broad of soul" is the greedy person whose craving has no bottom (Proverbs 28:25). The width that is admirable in a land becomes a fault in a heart.

Nuances

1aphysically broad or spacious: a wide expanse of land, wall, water, or opening
TranslatabilityDirect
Gen 34:21Exo 3:8Jdg 18:101Ch 4:40Neh 3:8Neh 4:19(13)Neh 7:4Neh 9:35Neh 12:38Job 11:9Jer 51:58Ezk 23:32
1bfiguratively vast or unbounded: scope without limit, or room to move freely
Psa 119:45Psa 119:96
1cbroad of heart or appetite: puffed up with pride, or greedy and grasping
TranslatabilityPartial
Psa 101:5Pro 21:4Pro 28:25

What scholars say about raḥav

The standard lexica (BDB; HALOT) treat רָחָב as a single adjective from the root רחב "to be wide," glossing it "broad, wide, spacious" and gathering both the literal spatial uses and the figurative idioms רְחַב לֵבָב ("proud") and רְחַב נֶפֶשׁ ("greedy") under one headword. DCH catalogs the fixed collocation רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם ("broad on both sides," of a spacious land). TDOT's article on the root traces the movement from spatial breadth to the metaphors of unbounded scope (Psalm 119:96), liberty (Psalm 119:45; cf. the cognate noun מֶרְחָב), and inner excess, where a heart or appetite "too wide" denotes pride or greed. There is no live disagreement over the base sense; discussion concerns only how the negative heart idioms are best rendered.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. רָחָבlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. רָחָבlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. רָחָבlexicon
  • TDOT, s.v. רחב (rāḥab)theological-dictionary

All attested forms of רָחָב

f s absolute

רְחָבָה

Exo 3:8, Neh 3:8, Neh 4:19, Neh 9:35, Neh 12:38, Job 11:9, Psa 119:45, Psa 119:96

f s construct

רַחֲבַת

Gen 34:21, Jdg 18:10, 1Ch 4:40, Neh 7:4, Isa 22:18

m s construct

רְחַב

Psa 101:5, Psa 104:25, Pro 21:4, Pro 28:25

m p construct

רַחֲבֵי

Isa 33:21

m s absolute

רָחָב

Job 30:14