StrongerBible

euruchōros

εὐρύχωρος

GreekG2149broad, spacious, ...

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Mat 7:13
Word studyResearch-gradeyoo-ROO-kho-rossadjective

What euruchōros means

roomy: wide open, with ample space to move about in

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

The word is a compound of two ordinary Greek words, one meaning "wide" and one meaning "space" or "land", and it means just what that suggests: having plenty of room. Greek writers used it for open country, a wide stretch of sea, or ground with enough space to deploy an army. Nothing moral is built into it. It is a measurement of space.

It appears once in the New Testament, in Matthew 7:13, where it describes the road that leads to destruction. The gate in that verse is called "wide" (πλατύς) and the road roomy, both set against the narrow gate (στενός) and the cramped, hard road that leads to life. Read in that setting, the roominess of the road pictures a way of living that asks nothing of the traveler and so draws a crowd. That note of ease comes from the contrast, not from the word: the word says only that the road has room to spare.

The picture also runs against the grain of the Old Testament, where breadth is good news. To be brought out into a broad place (מֶרְחָב) is to be rescued from a tight spot, and a broad (רָחָב) land is a gift. In Matthew the open road ends in ruin and the cramped path leads to life, so a reader steeped in the Psalms would feel the jolt.

Mat 7:13
Mat 7:13

Whether the roominess of the road in Matthew 7:13 itself connotes an easy, permissive life, or whether the force of εὐρύχωρος is purely spatial and the moral coloring belongs entirely to the surrounding Two Ways antithesis.

  • majorityThe breadth of the road functions as a metaphor for an undemanding, permissive way of life, which is why some modern versions render the phrase interpretively as an easy way.; Scot McKnight, Sermon on the Mount, Story of God Bible Commentary
  • minorityThe adjective stresses only that there is plenty of space to walk in; the easy versus hard contrast can be overplayed, and the weight of the passage falls on the two destinations and the many versus the few.; W. D. Davies and Dale C. Allison, The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, vol. 1, International Critical Commentary; A. H. McNeile, The Gospel According to St. Matthew

What scholars say about euruchōros

The lexicons are unanimous that εὐρύχωρος is a plain spatial adjective. BDAG defines it as pertaining to having ample room, broad, spacious, roomy; the abbreviated LSJ gives roomy, wide; Abbott-Smith gives spacious, broad and notes that in the Septuagint it renders forms of רחב with the single exception of 2 Chronicles 18:9, where it stands for goren, the threshing floor or open place at the city gate. Moulton-Milligan document the cognate noun εὐρυχωρία for an open space in a Tebtunis papyrus (P.Tebt. II.383.17, A.D. 46) and in an Attic inscription, and observe that in the Old Testament the adjective connotes freedom and prosperity, citing Psalm 30:9 LXX, Hosea 4:16 and Isaiah 30:23. Classical and Hellenistic usage is concrete throughout (Aristotle; Diodorus Siculus 19.84, of open ground for deploying troops; Josephus), so no moral coloring is lexical. The interpretive question is confined to Matthew 7:13, where εὐρύχωρος modifies ὁδός while πλατεῖα modifies πύλη, and where the Two Ways schema (Deuteronomy 30:15, 19; Jeremiah 21:8; Psalm 1:6, elaborated in Didache 1-6 and Barnabas 18-20) supplies the moral frame. Davies and Allison caution that the easy versus hard reading can be overplayed and connect the imagery to the familiar scene of a traveler approaching a city gate, comparing the Tabula of Cebes; France treats 7:13-27 as the coda of the Sermon and a call for decision; Luz reads the passage as exhortation within the Two Ways tradition; Hagner notes the text-critical uncertainty over ἡ πύλη in v. 13, which is absent from the original hand of Sinaiticus and several Old Latin witnesses. The most distinctive philological observation is the contrast with the Septuagint broad-place motif, where πλατυσμός at Psalm 17:20 and 117:5 LXX and εὐρύχωρος at Psalm 30:9 LXX render מרחב as an image of deliverance; whether Matthew consciously inverts that motif or draws independently on the Greco-Roman vice-and-virtue road imagery is not addressed head-on in the major commentaries.

In-depth research

This is a research paper, so it may be hard to read without scholarly background. It is useful if you want to dig even deeper into this word.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. εὐρύχωροςlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. εὐρύχωρος and εὐρυχωρίαlexicon
  • G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, s.v. εὐρύχωροςlexicon
  • J. H. Moulton and G. Milligan, The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament, s.v. εὐρύχωροςlexicon
  • J. P. Louw and E. A. Nida, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains, domain of dimensionlexicon
  • W. D. Davies and Dale C. Allison, The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, vol. 1, International Critical Commentarycommentary
  • R. T. France, The Gospel of Matthew, New International Commentary on the New Testamentcommentary
  • Donald A. Hagner, Matthew 1-13, Word Biblical Commentary 33Acommentary
  • Ulrich Luz, Matthew 1-7, Hermeneiacommentary
  • Scot McKnight, Sermon on the Mount, Story of God Bible Commentarycommentary
  • A. H. McNeile, The Gospel According to St. Matthewcommentary

All attested forms of εὐρύχωρος

nominative f s

εὐρύχωρος

Mat 7:13