StrongerBible

anan

עָנָן

HebrewH6051cloud

Appears 87 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 9:13Gen 9:14 (2×)Gen 9:16Exo 13:21Exo 13:22Exo 14:19Exo 14:20Exo 14:24Exo 16:10Exo 19:9Exo 19:16Exo 40:38Lev 16:13Num 10:34Num 14:14Job 26:9Job 37:11Job 37:15Jer 4:13Ezk 8:11Hos 6:4Hos 13:3
Root family
Word studyah-NAHNnoun

What anan means

a cloud: a mass of water vapor in the sky, and above all the cloud in which the LORD shows and hides his presence.

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This is the ordinary word for a cloud, the kind that gathers in the sky and brings rain or passes overhead. But its weight in the Bible comes from one special use: again and again the cloud is where God makes himself present without being seen. He goes ahead of Israel in a pillar of cloud, he comes down in cloud on Mount Sinai, the cloud fills the tent and later the temple so that no one can stand inside, and he speaks out of the cloud.

The uses are not two different words. A cloud both shows and conceals: it is real and visible, yet you cannot see through it or grasp it. That is exactly why it fits God's nearness so well. The cloud lets Israel know he is right there, leading and dwelling among them, while keeping his blinding holiness veiled so that people are not destroyed by looking on it.

The prophets carry the same image into judgment. The day of the LORD comes as a day of cloud and thick darkness, the bright presence turned into a storm front of dread. So from start to finish the cloud is one thing seen from different sides: ordinary weather, the gracious veil of God's presence, and the gathering darkness of his coming.

Nuances

1aan ordinary cloud in the sky, the everyday weather cloud.
Gen 9:13Gen 9:14 (2×)Gen 9:16Job 7:9Job 26:8Job 26:9Job 37:11Job 37:15Job 38:9Jer 4:13
1bthe cloud in which the LORD shows and veils his presence: the pillar of cloud, the cloud on Sinai, and the cloud that fills the tent and the temple.
Exo 13:21Exo 13:22Exo 14:19Exo 14:20Exo 14:24Exo 16:10Exo 19:9Exo 19:16Exo 24:15Exo 24:16Exo 24:18Exo 33:9
1cthe cloud as a picture of the LORD's coming in judgment: the day of the LORD as a day of cloud and thick gloom.
Lam 3:44Ezk 30:3Ezk 30:18Ezk 32:7Ezk 34:12Ezk 38:9Ezk 38:16Jol 2:2Nam 1:3Zep 1:15
1dthe cloud as an image of what is brief and quickly gone, used in comparisons.
Isa 44:22Hos 6:4Hos 13:3

What scholars say about anan

The standard lexicons (HALOT, BDB, DCH) treat this as a single noun meaning "cloud," with no homonym; its range runs from ordinary sky cloud to the cloud of theophany. The theological dictionaries (TDOT, TWOT) stress that the term's significance lies in the cloud of the LORD's presence: the pillar of cloud guiding Israel, the cloud on Sinai, and the cloud filling the tent and temple, which both manifests and conceals God's glory (the cloud is regularly paired with the glory, the kabod). Scholars connect the prophetic "day of cloud and thick darkness" (Ezekiel, Joel, Zephaniah) to this same presence imagery, now turned toward judgment. The cloud is frequently discussed alongside its near-synonym for a dense storm cloud and the word for thick darkness with which it is paired in descriptions of God's coming.

Sources

  • HALOT (Koehler-Baumgartner), s.v. ענןlexicon
  • BDB (Brown-Driver-Briggs), s.v. ענןlexicon
  • DCH (Clines, ed.), s.v. ענןlexicon
  • A. S. van der Woude, "ענן," in Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament (TLOT) 2:933-936dictionary
  • M. J. Mulder, "ענן," in Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (TDOT) 11:253-258dictionary

All attested forms of עָנָן

m s absolute

עָנָן

Gen 9:13, Gen 9:14, Gen 9:14, Gen 9:16, Exo 13:21, Exo 13:22, Exo 14:19, Exo 14:20

m s construct

עֲנַן

Exo 40:38, Lev 16:13, Num 10:34, Job 37:11, Ezk 8:11, Hos 6:4, Hos 13:3

m s construct

עֲנָנוֹ

Job 26:9, Job 37:15

m p absolute

עֲנָנִים

Jer 4:13

m s construct

עֲנָנְךָ

Num 14:14