StrongerBible

satar

סָתַר

HebrewH5641hide, conceal, ...

Appears 81 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 4:14Gen 31:49Exo 3:6Num 5:13Deu 7:20Deu 29:29(28)Deu 31:17Deu 31:18 (2×)Deu 32:201Sa 20:21Sa 20:51Sa 20:191Sa 20:241Sa 23:191Sa 26:11Ki 17:32Ki 11:22Ch 22:11Job 3:10Job 3:23Job 13:20Job 13:24Job 14:13Job 28:21Job 34:22Job 34:29Psa 10:11Psa 13:1(2)Psa 17:8Psa 19:6(7)Psa 19:12(13)Psa 22:24(25)Psa 27:5Psa 27:9Psa 30:7(8)Psa 31:20(21)Psa 38:9(10)Psa 44:24(25)Psa 51:9(11)Psa 54:0(2)Psa 55:12(13)Psa 64:2(3)Psa 69:17(18)Psa 88:14(15)Psa 89:46(47)Psa 102:2(3)Psa 104:29Psa 119:19Psa 143:7Pro 22:3
Root family
Word studysaw-THARverb

What satar means

to hide: to put or keep someone or something out of sight, reach, or knowledge

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

At its core this word means to take something out of view, whether a person ducking out of sight, a fact kept secret, or God turning his attention away. The one idea of hiding runs through every use; what changes is who hides, from whom, and to what effect.

The Bible uses the word two opposite ways when God is the one hiding. To hide his face can be an act of judgment, a deliberate turning away that leaves a person feeling abandoned, and it can also be an act of care, tucking someone safely out of harm's reach. The same picture of being out of sight carries both the dread of being cut off and the comfort of being sheltered.

With people, the word most often means to take cover from danger: David hiding in a field, a prophet hiding by a brook, the prudent person slipping out of sight when trouble comes. It also covers keeping a matter concealed, so that a plan, a word, or even a person's whole situation stays unknown, sometimes from other people and sometimes, vainly, from God, who sees everything.

Nuances

1ato hide oneself or another person from danger, to take cover
Gen 4:141Sa 20:51Sa 20:191Sa 20:241Sa 23:191Sa 26:11Ki 17:3Pro 22:3Pro 27:12Pro 28:28Jer 36:19Amo 9:3
1bof God: to hide his face, turning away in judgment so that a person feels abandoned
Deu 31:17Deu 31:18 (2×)Deu 32:20Job 13:24Job 34:29Psa 13:1(2)Psa 27:9Psa 30:7(8)Psa 44:24(25)Psa 69:17(18)Psa 88:14(15)Psa 102:2(3)
1cto hide someone protectively, to shelter or shield them from harm
Job 14:13Psa 17:8Psa 27:5Psa 31:20(21)Psa 51:9(11)Psa 64:2(3)Isa 49:2Jer 36:26
1dto conceal a fact, word, plan, or situation, to keep it out of knowledge or sight
Gen 31:49Num 5:13Deu 7:20Deu 29:29(28)Job 3:23Job 28:21Job 34:22Psa 19:6(7)Psa 19:12(13)Psa 38:9(10)Pro 25:2Pro 27:5

What scholars say about satar

Standard lexica treat this as a single verb meaning to hide or conceal, attested across the reflexive forms (to hide oneself), the causative forms (to hide something or someone), and the passive (to be hidden). The lexica give special attention to the theologically loaded idiom of God hiding his face, which appears both as judgment and, less often, as protection.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. סתרlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. סתרlexicon
  • G. Wehmeier, "סתר str to hide," in Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament (TLOT), ed. E. Jenni and C. Westermanndictionary
  • S. E. Balentine, The Hidden God: The Hiding of the Face of God in the Old Testament (Oxford University Press, 1983)monograph

All attested forms of סָתַר

hiphil imperfect 2ms

תַּסְתִּיר, תַּסְתִּירֵ

Job 13:24, Psa 13:1, Psa 44:24, Psa 88:14, Psa 104:29, Job 14:13, Psa 17:8, Psa 31:20

hiphil jussive 2ms

תַּסְתֵּר

Psa 27:9, Psa 69:17, Psa 102:2, Psa 119:19, Psa 143:7

hithpael participle m s absolute

מִסְתַּתֵּר

1Sa 23:19, 1Sa 26:1, Psa 54:0, Isa 45:15

niphal perfect 3fs

נִסְתָּרָה, נִסְתְּרָה

Job 3:23, Job 28:21, Psa 38:9, Isa 40:27

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיַּסְתֵּר, וַיַּסְתִּרֵ

Exo 3:6, Job 3:10, Jer 36:26

hiphil infinitive-absolute absolute

הַסְתֵּר

Deu 31:18, Pro 25:2, Isa 57:17

hiphil perfect 1cs

הִסְתַּרְתִּי

Isa 50:6, Isa 54:8, Jer 33:5

hiphil perfect 3ms

הִסְתִּיר, הִסְתִּירָ

Psa 10:11, Psa 22:24, Isa 49:2

niphal imperfect 3ms

יִסָּתֵר

Pro 28:28, Jer 23:24, Hos 13:14

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 1cs

וָאַסְתִּר

Ezk 39:23, Ezk 39:24

hiphil imperfect 1cs

אַסְתִּיר

Deu 31:18, Ezk 39:29

hiphil imperfect 3ms

יַסְתִּיר, יַסְתִּרֵ

1Sa 20:2, Psa 27:5

hiphil jussive 3ms

יַסְתֵּר

Job 34:29, Mic 3:4

hiphil perfect 2ms

הִסְתַּרְתָּ

Psa 30:7, Isa 64:7

niphal imperfect 1cs

אֶסָּתֵר

Gen 4:14, Job 13:20

niphal participle f p absolute

נִּסְתָּרוֹת, נִּסְתָּרֹת

Psa 19:12, Deu 29:29

niphal perfect 3cp

נִסְתְּרוּ

Isa 65:16, Jer 16:17

hiphil cohortative 1cs

אַסְתִּירָה

Deu 32:20

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3fs

וַתַּסְתִּירֵ

2Ch 22:11

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיַּסְתִּרוּ

2Ki 11:2

hiphil consecutive-perfect 1cs

וְהִסְתַּרְתִּי

Deu 31:17

hiphil imperative 2ms

הַסְתֵּר

Psa 51:9

hiphil infinitive-construct construct

סְתִּר

Isa 29:15

hiphil participle m s absolute

מַּסְתִּיר

Isa 8:17

hiphil perfect 3cp

הִסְתִּירוּ

Isa 59:2

hithpael imperfect 3fs

תִּסְתַּתָּר

Isa 29:14

niphal conjunctive-imperfect 1cs

וְאֶסָּתֵר

Psa 55:12

niphal consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיִּסָּתֵר

1Sa 20:24

niphal consecutive-perfect 1cs

וְנִסְתַּרְתִּי

1Sa 20:5

niphal consecutive-perfect 2ms

וְנִסְתַּרְתָּ

1Ki 17:3

niphal consecutive-perfect 3fs

וְנִסְתְּרָה

Num 5:13

niphal consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְנִסְתָּר

Pro 22:3

niphal imperative 2ms

הִסָּתֵר

Jer 36:19

niphal imperfect 1cp

נִסָּתֵר

Gen 31:49

niphal imperfect 2mp

תִּסָּתְרוּ

Zep 2:3

niphal imperfect 2ms

תִּסָּתֵר

Psa 89:46

niphal imperfect 3mp

יִסָּתְרוּ

Amo 9:3

niphal infinitive-construct construct

הִסָּתֶר

Job 34:22

niphal participle m p absolute

נִּסְתָּרִים

Deu 7:20

niphal participle m s absolute

נִסְתָּר

Psa 19:6

5 further parsings are listed under Syntax.