StrongerBible

nasa

נָסַע

HebrewH5265set out, journeyed, ...

Appears 146 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 11:2Gen 12:9 (2×)Gen 13:11Gen 20:1Gen 33:12Gen 33:17Gen 35:5Gen 35:16Gen 35:21Gen 37:17Gen 46:1Exo 12:37Exo 13:20Exo 14:10Exo 14:15Exo 14:19 (2×)Exo 15:22Exo 16:1Exo 17:1Exo 19:2Exo 40:36Exo 40:37Num 1:51Num 2:9Num 2:16Num 2:17 (2×)Num 2:24Num 2:31Num 2:34Num 4:5Num 4:15Num 9:17Num 9:18Num 9:19Num 9:20Num 9:21 (2×)Num 9:22 (2×)Num 9:23Num 10:5Num 10:6Num 10:12Num 10:13Num 10:14Num 10:17Num 10:18Num 10:21Num 10:22Num 10:25Num 10:28Num 10:29
Root family
Word studyResearch-gradenah-SAHverb

What nasa means

to pull up and move on: to strike a camp and set out, or to wrench something loose from where it was fixed

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

At its root this word pictures a tent being taken down: pulling the pegs out of the ground so a camp can be dismantled and the group can move on. Everything the word does grows out of that one image, something planted or pitched is pulled loose so it can travel. From it come the plain sense of a company setting out stage by stage, the causative sense of leading or driving others out, the picture of a wind springing up and rushing across the sky, the violent uprooting of a tent, a vine, or a life, and even the cutting of stone out of a quarry.

By far the most common use is the traveler's: a person or a whole people breaking camp and journeying on. This is the signature verb of Israel's wilderness march, and its natural home is the book of Numbers, where more than half of all its appearances cluster. It pairs again and again with the verb for pitching camp, forming a steady rhythm of setting out and settling down that maps the forty-year journey from Egypt toward the promised land. The march is never aimless: the people set out only when the cloud lifts from the tabernacle and only at the LORD's command, so the word carries the weight of an ordered, God-directed advance rather than a random ramble.

The causative uses keep the same core image but change who does the pulling: Moses leads Israel out from the Red Sea, God drives his people forward like a flock, God makes the east wind blow, or God tears a vine out of Egypt to replant it. In poetry the word reaches for its most concrete picture again, a dying man's tent is struck and folded up, a person's hope is torn out by the roots like a felled tree, and Jerusalem is promised a tent whose stakes will never be pulled up. Because the poets lean on the literal tent-peg image, readers who know the word only from the travel narratives can miss how much force these lines carry.

Nuances

1ato break camp and set out on a journey; to travel on by stages
Gen 11:2Gen 12:9 (2×)Gen 13:11Gen 20:1Gen 33:12Gen 33:17Gen 35:5Gen 35:16Gen 35:21Gen 37:17Gen 46:1Exo 12:37
1bto lead, drive, or set others in motion on a journey
Exo 15:22Psa 78:52
1cto make a wind spring up and rush across the sky
Num 11:31Psa 78:26
1dto be pulled up or torn loose; to uproot, transplant, or be removed from a fixed place
2Ki 4:4Job 4:21Job 19:10Psa 80:8(9)Isa 33:20Isa 38:12
1eto quarry or cut stone loose from its bed
1Ki 5:17(31)Ecc 10:9

What scholars say about nasa

The standard lexica treat נָסַע as a single root whose concrete core is the pulling out of tent pegs, from which the dominant migratory sense (set out, journey, march) developed as a Northwest Semitic specialization. BDB heads the entry "pull out or up, set out, journey," endorsing the tent-peg derivation from Gesenius; HALOT glosses "to pull up, pull out, to set out, depart, journey," treating the pegs-and-camp image as the etymological kernel. The stems sort the senses: the qal covers the literal uprooting, the migratory sense, and the wind springing up (Numbers 11:31); the niphal is the tent-dismantling death image (Job 4:21; Isaiah 38:12); the hiphil is causative (leading out, transplanting, making the wind blow, quarrying stone). Ringgren (TDOT) foregrounds the holy-war and ark traditions, where the ark's setting out in Numbers 10:35 triggers Moses' battle cry, and treats the hiphil with God as subject (Psalm 78:52; 80:9) as the same idea expressed causatively. Carpenter (NIDOTTE) stresses that נָסַע is the leading verb for Yahweh-directed pilgrimage, the people moving only at the divine cue (Numbers 9:15-23). On the distributional side, Graham Davies, George Coats, and more recently Angela Roskop Erisman and Thomas Dozeman analyze the recurring "they set out from X and encamped at Y" formula as an itinerary genre modeled on ancient Near Eastern military and administrative travel records, so the verb functions as a technical marker of a stage of march rather than a generic word for travel. Comparative Semitic evidence (Akkadian nasahu, which directly attests the phrase "to pull out a tent peg," plus Arabic, Ugaritic, and Ge'ez cognates) broadly supports the uproot origin, though the irregular sibilant and guttural correspondences leave the cognate set a recognized crux (Tawil treats נסע and נסח as one root; Huehnergard, Blau, and Lipinski supply the phonological framework). Barr's warning against the root fallacy applies: in most contexts the word simply means "set out," and the tent-peg image should not be pressed into every occurrence.

In-depth research

This is a research paper, so it may be hard to read without scholarly background. It is useful if you want to dig even deeper into this word.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. נָסַעlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. נסעlexicon
  • DCH, vol. 5, s.v. נסעlexicon
  • H. Ringgren, "נָסַע nāsaʿ," in Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, vol. 9dictionary
  • E. E. Carpenter, "נָסַע nāsaʿ," in New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis, 3:109-110dictionary
  • B. A. Levine, Numbers 1-20, Anchor Bible 4, 291-336commentary
  • G. I. Davies, "The Wilderness Itineraries: A Comparative Study," Tyndale Bulletin 25 (1974): 46-81article
  • A. R. Roskop Erisman, The Wilderness Itineraries: Genre, Geography, and the Growth of Torah (Eisenbrauns, 2011)monograph

All attested forms of נָסַע

qal consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיִּסְעוּ, וַיִּסָּעוּ

Gen 35:16, Exo 12:37, Exo 13:20, Exo 16:1, Exo 17:1, Exo 19:2, Num 10:12, Num 10:13

qal imperfect 3mp

יִסָּעוּ, יִסְעוּ

Num 2:9, Num 2:16, Num 2:17, Num 2:24, Num 9:19, Num 9:20, Num 9:22, Num 9:22

qal consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיִּסַּע, וַיִּסָּעֵ

Gen 12:9, Gen 13:11, Gen 20:1, Gen 35:21, Gen 46:1, Exo 14:19, Exo 14:19, Num 10:14

qal perfect 3cp

נָסְעוּ, נָסָעוּ

Gen 37:17, Num 11:35, Num 12:16, Deu 10:6, Deu 10:7, Zec 10:2, Num 2:34, Num 21:12

qal consecutive-perfect 3cp

וְנָסְעוּ, וְנָסָעוּ

Num 10:5, Num 10:6, Num 10:17, Num 10:21, Jer 31:24, Num 9:21, Num 9:21

qal infinitive-construct construct

נְסֹעַ, נָסְעָ

Num 1:51, Num 4:5, Num 4:15, Num 10:35, Jos 3:14, Gen 11:2, Num 10:34

qal perfect 3ms

נָסַע

Gen 33:17, Num 11:31, Num 12:15, 2Ki 19:8, Isa 37:8, Jer 4:7

qal consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְנָסַע

Num 2:17, Num 10:18, Num 10:22, Num 10:25

qal imperative 2mp

סְעוּ, סְּעוּ

Num 14:25, Deu 1:7, Deu 1:40, Deu 2:24

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיַּסַּע

Exo 15:22, Job 19:10, Psa 78:52

qal consecutive-imperfect 1cp

וַנִּסַּע, וַנִּסְעָ

Deu 1:19, Deu 2:1, Ezr 8:31

niphal perfect 3ms

נִסַּע

Job 4:21, Isa 38:12

qal participle m s absolute

נֹסֵעַ

Exo 14:10, Num 10:33

hiphil consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיַּסִּעוּ

1Ki 5:17

hiphil imperfect 2fs

תַּסִּיעִי

2Ki 4:4

hiphil imperfect 2ms

תַּסִּיעַ

Psa 80:8

hiphil jussive 3ms

יַסַּע

Psa 78:26

hiphil participle m s absolute

מַסִּיעַ

Ecc 10:9

qal cohortative 1cp

נִסְעָה

Gen 33:12

qal conjunctive-imperfect 3mp

וְיִסָּעוּ

Exo 14:15

qal imperfect 2mp

תִּסְעוּ

Jos 3:3

qal imperfect 3ms

יִסַּע

Isa 33:20

qal infinitive-absolute absolute

נָסוֹעַ

Gen 12:9

qal participle m p absolute

נֹסְעִים

Num 10:29