uprightness: the quality of being straight and even, shown as fair dealing, honest speech, or a smooth, unobstructed course
This word pictures straightness. It comes from a root that means to be straight or level, and it almost always appears in a plural form that names straightness as a settled quality rather than a single straight thing. Its center of gravity is moral: dealing with people in a level, even-handed way.
In the Psalms it is the mark of a good judge, and above all of God as judge: he judges the peoples "with equity," playing no favorites and bending toward no one. In Proverbs it stands alongside righteousness and justice as one of the things wisdom teaches, and it describes speech that is straight and honest rather than crooked or deceptive.
The same image of straightness stretches to the physical world. Wine "goes down smoothly," a path runs level and clear, and in one place two kingdoms try to reach an even, agreed settlement. In every use the underlying picture is the same: a line with no bends, no bumps, and no tilt to one side.
Because one Hebrew word covers so much ground, it sits close to מִשְׁפָּט, the actual verdict a judge hands down, and to צֶדֶק, being right by the proper standard. It is the abstract cousin of the adjective יָשָׁר, which describes a person or thing that is upright.