StrongerBible

mul

מוּל

HebrewH4136over against, opposite, ...

Appears 36 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Exo 18:19Exo 26:9Exo 28:25Exo 28:27Exo 28:37Exo 34:3Exo 39:18Exo 39:20Lev 5:8Lev 8:9Num 8:2Num 8:3Num 22:5Deu 1:1Deu 2:19Deu 3:29Deu 4:462Sa 5:231Ki 7:51Ki 7:391Ch 14:142Ch 4:10Neh 12:38Mic 2:8
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What mul means

the front of something, and so the place facing or across from it: in front of, opposite, over against

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintyStrong

This word names the front of something, and from there the place directly across from it. Used on its own or with a small helping word, it works almost entirely as a location marker, telling you that one thing sits facing, in front of, or across from another.

Most often it fixes a place by what it faces. Israel camps across from a sea, a town, or a mountain; a window looks out on the window across from it; an army lines up over against the enemy. In a handful of cases it points instead to the front part of a single object, such as the front of a priest's garment, the front of the turban, or the leading edge of a battle line.

The idea stays simple and physical throughout. Even where Moses is told to stand toward God for the people, the picture is the same: someone positioned facing another, here as their representative.

Nuances

1aopposite, facing, over against: positioned directly across from another thing, especially one place set over against another
Exo 18:19Exo 34:3Deu 1:1Deu 2:19Deu 3:29Deu 4:46Deu 11:30Deu 34:6Jos 8:33Jos 9:1Jos 18:18Jos 19:46
1bat the front of, on the forefront of: the front part or leading edge of a single thing
Exo 26:9Exo 28:25Exo 28:27Exo 28:37Exo 39:18Exo 39:20Lev 5:8Lev 8:9Num 8:2Num 8:32Sa 11:15

What scholars say about mul

The standard lexica treat מוּל (also spelled מוֹל, and מוּאל in Nehemiah 12:38) as a single substantive meaning front, used almost exclusively as a preposition of place. BDB glosses it front, in front of, opposite to, and lists it alone and with the prefixes אֶל and מִן; HALOT and DCH agree on the frontal or facing sense. The bulk of occurrences are locative, fixing one place over against another (frequent in the wilderness itineraries and boundary lists of Deuteronomy and Joshua) or marking the front part of an object (the priestly vestments in Exodus, the lampstand in Numbers 8). The single non-spatial extension is Exodus 18:19, where Moses stands מוּל the deity as the people's representative. Micah 2:8 is a recognized textual crux: MT וְאֶתְמוּל is read by many as the temporal adverb of late, so the presence of מוּל there is disputed on text-critical rather than lexical grounds.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. מוּלlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. מוּלlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. מוּלlexicon

All attested forms of מוּל

m s construct

מוּל, מִמּוּל, וּמוּל, מוֹל

Exo 18:19, Exo 26:9, Exo 28:25, Exo 28:37, Exo 34:3, Exo 39:18, Lev 8:9, Num 8:2

m s absolute

לְמוֹאל

Neh 12:38

m s construct

מֻּלִי

Num 22:5