StrongerBible

ya'ats

יָעַץ

HebrewH3289advise, counsel, ...

Appears 79 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Exo 18:19Num 24:142Sa 15:122Sa 16:232Sa 17:72Sa 17:112Sa 17:15 (2×)2Sa 17:211Ki 1:121Ki 12:6 (2×)1Ki 12:8 (2×)1Ki 12:91Ki 12:131Ki 12:282Ki 6:81Ch 13:11Ch 26:141Ch 27:321Ch 27:332Ch 10:6 (2×)2Ch 10:8 (2×)2Ch 10:92Ch 20:212Ch 22:32Ch 22:42Ch 25:16 (2×)2Ch 25:172Ch 30:22Ch 30:232Ch 32:3Ezr 4:5Ezr 7:28Ezr 8:25Neh 6:7Job 3:14Job 12:17Job 26:3Psa 16:7Psa 32:8Psa 62:4(5)Psa 71:10Psa 83:3(4)Psa 83:5(6)Pro 11:14Pro 12:20Pro 13:10Pro 15:22Pro 24:6Isa 1:26Isa 3:3
Root family
Word studyyaw-ATSverb

What ya'ats means

to work out a course of action by counsel: to advise, to consult together, or to settle on a plan

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

At its core this word is about deciding what to do by thinking it through. One person can do that for another (advising a king, a friend, a nation), several people can do it together (sitting down to consult and reach a shared decision), and a single mind, human or divine, can do it alone (fixing on a settled plan and carrying it out).

The shades hang together because they are the same act seen from different angles. The one who advises is offering a plan to someone else; people who take counsel are forming a plan jointly; and to purpose something is to have reached a plan within yourself. So the word slides easily from the giving of advice, to the conferring that produces it, to the firm intention it aims at.

The settled name for the person who does the first of these, the counselor or adviser, is simply this verb used as a title. And when the one doing the planning is the Lord, the word takes on its weightiest sense: a purpose that no one can overturn, set against the schemes that people devise and that come to nothing.

The plan in view can be good or evil. The same word covers a wise adviser steering a nation to safety and a conspirator plotting a neighbor's ruin; the morality lives in the context, not in the verb.

Nuances

1ato advise, to give counsel to someone on what they should do
Exo 18:19Num 24:142Sa 16:232Sa 17:72Sa 17:112Sa 17:15 (2×)2Sa 17:211Ki 1:121Ki 12:8 (2×)1Ki 12:132Ch 10:8 (2×)2Ch 25:16 (2×)
1ba counselor or adviser: the one whose role is to give guidance
2Sa 15:121Ch 26:141Ch 27:321Ch 27:332Ch 22:32Ch 22:4Ezr 4:5Ezr 7:28Ezr 8:25Job 3:14Job 12:17Pro 11:14
1cto take counsel together, to consult or confer with others to reach a decision
1Ki 12:6 (2×)1Ki 12:8 (2×)1Ki 12:91Ki 12:282Ki 6:81Ch 13:12Ch 10:6 (2×)2Ch 10:8 (2×)2Ch 10:92Ch 20:212Ch 25:172Ch 30:2
1dto purpose, devise, or determine a plan, of God's settled intention or of a human scheme
Isa 7:5Isa 14:24Isa 14:26Isa 14:27Isa 19:12Isa 19:17Isa 23:8Isa 23:9Isa 32:7Isa 32:8Jer 49:20Jer 49:30

What scholars say about ya'ats

The standard lexica treat יעץ as a single root meaning to advise or counsel, with the qal covering both giving advice to a person and, especially of God, purposing or determining a plan, and the niphal/hithpael carrying the reciprocal sense of taking counsel together. The substantival participle yoʿets, counselor, is a fixed social and royal term. BDB and HALOT note the close pairing with the noun עֵצָה (counsel/plan) and with חָשַׁב (to devise), and TDOT emphasizes the theological weight of God's counsel as a settled, irreversible purpose set over against human scheming (Isaiah 14:24-27; 19:12-17).

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. יעץlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. יעץlexicon
  • P. J. J. S. Els, "יעץ," in NIDOTTE, vol. 2dictionary
  • L. Ruppert, "יעץ," in TDOT, vol. 6dictionary
  • DCH, s.v. יעץlexicon

All attested forms of יָעַץ

qal perfect 3ms

יָעַץ, יָעָץ, יְעָצָ, יָּעַץ

2Sa 16:23, 2Sa 17:7, 2Sa 17:15, 2Sa 17:21, 2Ch 25:16, Isa 7:5, Isa 23:8, Jer 49:20

niphal consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיִּוָּעַץ

1Ki 12:6, 1Ki 12:8, 1Ki 12:28, 2Ki 6:8, 1Ch 13:1, 2Ch 10:6, 2Ch 10:8, 2Ch 20:21

qal participle m s absolute

יוֹעֵץ, הַלְיוֹעֵץ, וְיוֹעֵץ

1Ch 26:14, 1Ch 27:32, 1Ch 27:33, Pro 11:14, Pro 24:6, Isa 9:6, Isa 19:17, Isa 41:28

niphal participle m p absolute

נוֹעָצִים

1Ki 12:6, 1Ki 12:9, 2Ch 10:6, 2Ch 10:9, Pro 13:10

qal participle m p absolute

יוֹעֲצִים, יֹּעֲצִים

2Ch 22:4, Ezr 4:5, Job 12:17, Pro 15:22, Ezk 11:2

qal participle m p construct

יֹעֲצֵי, וְיוֹעֲצָי, יֹעֲצַיִ, יֹעֲצָי

Job 3:14, Pro 12:20, Ezr 7:28, Isa 1:26, Ezr 8:25

qal imperfect 1cs

אִיעָצְ, אִיעָצֵ

Exo 18:19, Num 24:14, Jer 38:15, 1Ki 1:12

qal perfect 3cp

יְעָצֻ, יָעֲצוּ

1Ki 12:8, 1Ki 12:13, 2Ch 10:8, Psa 62:4

qal participle m s construct

יוֹעֲצֵ, יוֹעֵץ, יֹעֵץ

Mic 4:9, 2Sa 15:12, Nam 1:11

qal perfect 1cs

יָעַצְתִּי

2Sa 17:11, 2Sa 17:15, Isa 14:24

niphal perfect 3cp

נוֹעֲצוּ

Psa 71:10, Psa 83:5

qal perfect 2ms

יָעַצְתָּ, יָּעַצְתָּ

Hab 2:10, Job 26:3

hithpael conjunctive-imperfect 3mp

וְיִתְיָעֲצוּ

Psa 83:3

niphal cohortative 1cp

נִוָּעֲצָה

Neh 6:7

niphal consecutive-imperfect 3mp

וַיִּוָּעֲצוּ

2Ch 30:23

niphal imperfect 3mp

יִוָּעֲצוּ

Isa 45:21

niphal participle m s absolute

נוֹעָץ

Isa 40:14

qal cohortative 1cs

אִיעֲצָה

Psa 32:8

qal participle f s construct

יוֹעַצְתּ

2Ch 22:3

qal passive-participle f s absolute

יְּעוּצָה

Isa 14:26