StrongerBible

yalal

יָלַל

HebrewH3213wail, howl, ...

Appears 30 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Isa 13:6Isa 14:31Isa 15:2Isa 15:3Isa 16:7 (2×)Isa 23:1Isa 23:6Isa 23:14Isa 52:5Isa 65:14Jer 4:8Jer 25:34Jer 47:2Jer 48:20Jer 48:31Jer 48:39Jer 49:3Jer 51:8Ezk 21:12(17)Ezk 30:2Hos 7:14Jol 1:5Jol 1:11Jol 1:13Amo 8:3Mic 1:8Zep 1:11Zec 11:2 (2×)
Root family
Word studyyaw-LALverb

What yalal means

to wail: to raise a loud, howling cry of grief or dread

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This is the Bible's word for full-throated wailing, the loud and drawn-out cry a person lets out in the face of ruin. It is not quiet weeping or private tears; it is a public howl of grief and dread, and the sound of the word itself imitates the cry it names.

Almost every use falls in the prophets, and almost always as a command: wail! The prophet orders a city, a nation, or a whole class of people to break into this cry because catastrophe is coming, whether an enemy army, the fall of a great trading center, or the day of the Lord itself. The wailing is the fitting response to disaster, sometimes ordered before the blow has even landed.

The cry is so bound up with total collapse that the prophets even turn it on things that cannot speak, telling the trees or the gates of a city to wail as their world is torn down. The one idea holds across every use: a loud, anguished outcry when everything is being lost.

Isa 13:6Isa 14:31Isa 15:2Isa 15:3Isa 16:7 (2×)Isa 23:1Isa 23:6Isa 23:14Isa 52:5Isa 65:14Jer 4:8Jer 25:34

What scholars say about yalal

The lexica (HALOT, BDB) agree that ילל is an onomatopoeic root meaning to howl or wail, attested only in the causative-intensive stem across its roughly thirty occurrences. Its overwhelming home is prophetic judgment oracles, where it functions as a summons to lament (the so-called call to wail) over impending or arrived catastrophe, frequently paired with the related noun for wailing (יְלָלָה). Scholarship treats it as a near-technical marker of the doom-oracle genre rather than a term for private grief.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. יללlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. יללlexicon
  • TWOT, s.v. יללdictionary

All attested forms of יָלַל

hiphil imperative 2mp

הֵילִילוּ, הֵילִלוּ

Isa 13:6, Isa 23:1, Isa 23:6, Isa 23:14, Jer 4:8, Jer 25:34, Jer 48:20, Jer 51:8

hiphil imperfect 3ms

יְיֵלִיל

Isa 15:2, Isa 15:3, Isa 16:7, Isa 16:7

hiphil imperative 2fs

הֵילִילִי

Isa 14:31, Jer 49:3

hiphil imperative 2ms

הֵילֵל

Ezk 21:12, Zec 11:2

hiphil imperfect 3mp

יְהֵילִילוּ, יְיֵלִילוּ

Isa 52:5, Hos 7:14

hiphil perfect 3cp

הֵילִילוּ

Jer 48:39, Jol 1:11

hiphil cohortative 1cs

אֵילִילָה

Mic 1:8

hiphil consecutive-perfect 3cp

וְהֵילִילוּ

Amo 8:3

hiphil consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְהֵילִל

Jer 47:2

hiphil imperfect 1cs

אֲיֵלִיל

Jer 48:31

hiphil imperfect 2mp

תְּיֵלִילוּ

Isa 65:14