blessing: good spoken over someone, the good it brings, and the gift that carries it
One Hebrew word covers the whole arc of blessing, from the words said to the good they accomplish. At its heart a blessing is favor declared over a person, the spoken opposite of a curse, as when a father pronounces good over his son or Moses sets blessing and curse before Israel. Because in the Bible such words are expected to take effect, the same word slides naturally into the good that actually arrives: the prosperity, fruitfulness, and well being that follow when God blesses.
From there it reaches into the concrete. A blessing can be the physical gift you bring to win someone's goodwill, the present Jacob pressed on Esau or Abigail sent to David, and in a darker setting the tribute a besieged city pays to make peace with a conqueror. The word can also point outward to a person or people who have become a living source of good to others, so that a name is used in blessing rather than in cursing.
These are not separate words but one idea seen at different distances: the blessing spoken, the blessing received, the blessing given, the one who is a blessing. English needs several words for this range, which is why a single Hebrew term can mean a benediction in one verse and a basket of food in the next.