StrongerBible

avah

אָבָה

HebrewH0014be willing, would not, ...

Appears 54 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 24:5Gen 24:8Exo 10:27Lev 26:21Deu 1:26Deu 2:30Deu 10:10Deu 13:8(9)Deu 23:5(6)Deu 25:7Deu 29:20(19)Jos 24:10Jdg 11:17Jdg 19:10Jdg 19:25Jdg 20:131Sa 15:91Sa 22:171Sa 26:231Sa 31:42Sa 2:212Sa 6:102Sa 12:172Sa 13:141Ki 20:8Job 39:9Pro 1:10Pro 1:25Pro 1:30Pro 6:35Isa 1:19Isa 28:12Isa 30:9Isa 30:15Isa 42:24Ezk 3:7 (2×)Ezk 20:8
Root family
Word studyah-VAHverb

What avah means

to be willing: to consent and go along with what someone else asks or wants

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This verb is about giving in to another person's wish. It is not the inner spark of wanting something for yourself; it is the moment you bend your own will to fit what someone is asking of you, the yes that lets their request happen. Because of that, it usually appears where one party is pressing and the other decides whether to comply.

The most striking thing about the word is how rarely anyone in the Hebrew Bible actually does it. Out of roughly fifty uses, the overwhelming majority are negative: someone was not willing, would not, refused. Pharaoh would not let Israel go, kings would not make peace, Israel would not listen to God. The word becomes a near-synonym for stubborn refusal simply because that is the situation it keeps naming. The few positive uses stand out by contrast, most famously the offer in Isaiah, "If you are willing and obey, you will eat the good of the land."

When it does appear without a flat denial, it is often a question or a condition probing whether someone will agree, as when Abraham's servant worries the woman may not be willing to follow him, or when Job is asked whether a wild ox would ever consent to serve. In every case the focus is the same: not desire, but assent, the choice to yield to another.

Gen 24:5Gen 24:8Exo 10:27Lev 26:21Deu 1:26Deu 2:30Deu 10:10Deu 13:8(9)Deu 23:5(6)Deu 25:7Deu 29:20(19)Jos 24:10

What scholars say about avah

The standard lexica treat this as a single root meaning to be willing, to consent, to yield to another's wish (BDB; HALOT; DCH). All note its overwhelming distribution with the negative, where it functions as to refuse or be unwilling; BDB observes it occurs almost always with a negation, the principal positive exception being Isaiah 1:19, with conditional or interrogative uses (Genesis 24:5, 8; Job 39:9) probing whether consent will be given. There is no recognized homonymy; the negated and unnegated uses are the same verb. The defective spelling at Proverbs 1:10 is parsed as this verb (rather than the verb to come).

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. אבהlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. אבהlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. אבהlexicon

All attested forms of אָבָה

qal perfect 3ms

אָבָה

Exo 10:27, Deu 2:30, Deu 10:10, Deu 23:5, Deu 25:7, Jdg 11:17, Jdg 19:10, 1Sa 31:4

qal perfect 3cp

אָבוּ, אָבוּא

Jdg 19:25, Jdg 20:13, 1Sa 15:9, 1Sa 22:17, Pro 1:30, Isa 30:9, Isa 42:24, Ezk 20:8

qal imperfect 3ms

יֹאבֶה

Deu 29:20, Job 39:9, Pro 6:35

qal perfect 2mp

אֲבִיתֶם

Deu 1:26, Pro 1:25, Isa 30:15

qal imperfect 2mp

תֹּאבוּ

Lev 26:21, Isa 1:19

qal imperfect 2ms

תֹאבֶה

Deu 13:8, 1Ki 20:8

qal imperfect 3fs

תֹאבֶה

Gen 24:5, Gen 24:8

qal perfect 1cs

אָבִיתִי

Jos 24:10, 1Sa 26:23

qal imperfect 3mp

יֹאבוּ

Ezk 3:7

qal jussive 2ms

תֹּבֵא

Pro 1:10

qal participle m p absolute

אֹבִים

Ezk 3:7