a bounded piece of ground: a plot, field, or estate, thought of as somebody's property
This word points to ground with edges around it. It is not the open countryside (ἀγρός), and it is not a whole region or district (χώρα). It is one parcel, the kind you could walk the boundary of, and in the New Testament that parcel nearly always belongs to someone. That is why the word turns up wherever land and money meet.
Six of its ten appearances sit inside stories about owning, buying, and selling:
- Judas gets hold of one with the money he was paid, and it becomes known as the Field of Blood.
- The believers in Jerusalem who own such parcels sell them and bring the cash to the apostles.
- Ananias and Sapphira sell one and quietly keep back part of the price.
- Publius, the leading man on Malta, holds several of them near the coast where Paul was shipwrecked.
- Jacob, generations earlier, gave one to his son Joseph, and the well at Sychar stood next to it.
The other use is quieter: a particular plot known by its name. Matthew and Mark both say Jesus went out to a plot called Gethsemane, and John, describing what appears to be the same ground, calls it a garden (κῆπος). The word itself says nothing about what grows there. It says only that the ground is marked off and held by someone, which is why a small group could count on being undisturbed there at night.
So one plain idea runs through every use: a measured piece of earth that has an owner. English needs different words to say it naturally, and the choice of English word is what makes the two uses feel further apart than they are.