StrongerBible

chōrion

χωρίον

GreekG5564field, place, ...

Appears 10 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Mat 26:36Mrk 14:32Jhn 4:5Act 1:18Act 1:19 (2×)Act 4:34Act 5:3Act 5:8Act 28:7
Word studykho-REE-onnoun

What chōrion means

a bounded piece of ground: a plot, field, or estate, thought of as somebody's property

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This word points to ground with edges around it. It is not the open countryside (ἀγρός), and it is not a whole region or district (χώρα). It is one parcel, the kind you could walk the boundary of, and in the New Testament that parcel nearly always belongs to someone. That is why the word turns up wherever land and money meet.

Six of its ten appearances sit inside stories about owning, buying, and selling:

  • Judas gets hold of one with the money he was paid, and it becomes known as the Field of Blood.
  • The believers in Jerusalem who own such parcels sell them and bring the cash to the apostles.
  • Ananias and Sapphira sell one and quietly keep back part of the price.
  • Publius, the leading man on Malta, holds several of them near the coast where Paul was shipwrecked.
  • Jacob, generations earlier, gave one to his son Joseph, and the well at Sychar stood next to it.

The other use is quieter: a particular plot known by its name. Matthew and Mark both say Jesus went out to a plot called Gethsemane, and John, describing what appears to be the same ground, calls it a garden (κῆπος). The word itself says nothing about what grows there. It says only that the ground is marked off and held by someone, which is why a small group could count on being undisturbed there at night.

So one plain idea runs through every use: a measured piece of earth that has an owner. English needs different words to say it naturally, and the choice of English word is what makes the two uses feel further apart than they are.

Nuances

1aa piece of land held as property: something that can be bought, sold, given away, or handed on
Jhn 4:5Act 1:18Act 4:34Act 5:3Act 5:8Act 28:7
1ba particular plot of ground known by a name: a specific spot people go to
Mat 26:36Mrk 14:32Act 1:19 (2×)

What scholars say about chōrion

BDAG treats all ten New Testament instances under a single gloss, "piece of land, field", and LSJ distinguishes a general "place, spot" from the concrete "piece of ground, estate, farm", the two shades the New Testament data reflect. Formally the noun is a diminutive of χῶρος, but the diminutive force is not operative in Koine, as both LSJ and Moulton and Milligan observe; the documentary papyri use χωρίον routinely of registered landholdings, which matches the property-transaction contexts that dominate Acts. The three lexical sub-entries in the underlying source data are a segmentation artifact rather than evidence of homonymy: the third simply isolates the proper-name use Χωρίον Αἵματος in Acts 1:19, where the ordinary noun becomes part of a toponym, exactly as ἀγρὸς αἵματος does in Matthew 27:8. On Acts 1:18-19 both Barrett and Fitzmyer discuss the relation of the Akeldama tradition to Matthew 27:3-10; the difficulty there is historical and traditio-critical, not lexical, and neither commentator questions the sense of the noun. Davies and Allison note the topographical force of χωρίον at Matthew 26:36, an enclosed plot rather than an open area, consistent with the κῆπος of John 18:1.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. χωρίονlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. χωρίονlexicon
  • J. H. Moulton and G. Milligan, The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament, s.v. χωρίονlexicon
  • C. K. Barrett, The Acts of the Apostles, ICC (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1994), on Acts 1:18-19commentary
  • Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The Acts of the Apostles, Anchor Bible 31 (New York: Doubleday, 1998), on Acts 1:18-19commentary
  • W. D. Davies and Dale C. Allison, The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, ICC, vol. 3 (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1997), on Matthew 26:36commentary

All attested forms of χωρίον

accusative n s

χωρίον

Mat 26:36, Mrk 14:32, Act 1:18, Act 1:19, Act 1:19, Act 5:8

genitive n s

χωρίου

Jhn 4:5, Act 5:3

genitive n p

χωρίων

Act 4:34

nominative n p

χωρία

Act 28:7