hupotassō

• At root it is placing oneself under an ordering, so it names an ongoing position of being subject rather than the doing of any one command: wives are told to take their place under their own husbands.Eph 5:22Col 3:18
• It fits an arrangement of ranks in society, so it is the word for the citizen's place under governing authorities.Rom 13:11Pe 2:13
• Because it is about who is set under whom, it describes cosmic order: God has put all things under Christ's feet, and even the creation was placed under futility.1Co 15:27Rom 8:20
• It can mark being under control or in proper order without any command being heeded: the spirits of prophets are subject to the prophets, and the fleshly mind refuses to sit under God's law.1Co 14:32Rom 8:7

• Both spell out the proper response of those under authority in the household codes, and both are applied to servants toward their masters: one asks servants to heed the master's word, the other asks them to keep their place under him.Eph 6:5Col 3:22Tit 2:91Pe 2:18

• At root it is hearing a voice and acting on what it says, so it fits responding to a specific command or spoken word. Even the winds and the sea "obey" Jesus when he speaks to them.Mrk 4:41Heb 11:8
• Because the sense is hearing-and-heeding, it is the word for answering a summons: Rhoda comes "to answer" the knock at the gate.Act 12:13
• It describes taking a message to heart and acting on it, so the New Testament speaks of obeying the gospel as a proclamation that must be heeded.Rom 10:162Th 1:8
• Since it is about heeding whatever voice one listens to, it can be used with a bad object: giving sin the compliance owed to a master.Rom 6:12Rom 6:16

• Places one party under another in an ordered ranking of authority: wives and husbands, citizens and rulers, everyone under God.Col 3:18Rom 13:1Jas 4:7
• Often describes submission freely offered, a stance a person willingly takes rather than a force worked on a resisting thing.Eph 5:211Pe 5:5

• Both bring something under a master's control, so that what was loose or free now answers to another.Jas 3:71Co 15:27

• Pictures taming a wild, resisting creature, breaking in something that fights back: the man so violent no chains could hold him.Mrk 5:4
• Carries the note of a struggle that can be lost, not just an arrangement declared. James says the tongue is the one thing no one is able to tame.Jas 3:8

• It puts someone in their place within an order without handing over who they belong to, so the person keeps their own standing while taking a position under another.Luk 2:511Co 16:161Pe 5:5
• It is used of things and unseen powers, not only of people, so whole realms and angelic forces can be placed under Christ.1Co 15:27Eph 1:22Heb 2:81Pe 3:22
• It can run in both directions at once, with each person taking a place under the other, which no word for slavery could say.Eph 5:21
• It names a stance a person can withhold, so the writers can speak of someone refusing to take their place under God.Rom 8:7Rom 10:3

• Both describe a condition pressed on someone from the outside, one they never agreed to.Act 7:6Rom 8:20
• Both can be freely taken up, chosen for the sake of other people rather than forced.1Co 9:19Eph 5:21
• Both describe how a believer stands toward God, placed under him instead of running their own life.Rom 6:22Jas 4:7

• It names ownership. The person is not simply given a lower place, someone else now holds them and disposes of their labor and their years.Act 7:6Gal 4:3
• It covers the grip of a habit or a power that has taken a person over, so that they can no longer simply stop.Tit 2:32Pe 2:19
• Because it is about who owns a person, denying it means outright freedom: to say someone is not held this way is to say the claim on them is gone.1Co 7:15
• When a believer takes it up it is a total handover, an old owner traded for a new one with nothing kept back.Rom 6:18Rom 6:22

• Its core picture is placement in an order, one party set underneath another, and it says nothing about whether the mind agrees. God put all things under Christ's feet, and everything is being brought under him.1Co 15:27Eph 1:22Heb 2:8
• Someone else can do the placing, and the party placed may have no say in it at all: creation was put under futility not by its own choice, and the coming world was pointedly not placed under angels.Rom 8:20Heb 2:5
• It is the standard word for a person's standing place in ordered relationships, and the New Testament uses it right across the range of them: wives and husbands, slaves and masters, younger people and elders, citizens and rulers, and even believers toward one another.Col 3:181Pe 2:181Pe 5:5Tit 3:1Eph 5:21
• It reaches things that cannot be talked to at all: unseen powers are brought under, since the demons came under the disciples' authority and angels and powers were put under the risen Christ. It can even mean keeping something in check, as a prophet keeps his own prompting under control.Luk 10:171Pe 3:221Co 14:32

• Both describe a person going along with someone who has authority over them, and English versions render both with "obey": church members are told to obey their leaders with the one word, and everyone is told to obey the governing authorities with the other.Heb 13:17Rom 13:1
• Both are used in the negative for a refusal that Scripture treats as a real fault: some will not go along with the truth, and Israel would not fall in with the righteousness God provides.Rom 2:8Rom 10:3

• Its core work happens in the mind: one person talks another around to a new view. The chief priests worked the crowd until it asked for Barabbas, and Paul spent weeks and months arguing in synagogues to bring Jews and Greeks over to his case.Mat 27:20Act 18:4Act 19:8
• It also names the settled inward confidence that being convinced produces, so it is regularly rendered "trust" or "I am sure": Paul is certain nothing can separate believers from God's love, and certain that God will finish the work he began in them. The man on the cross is mocked precisely for having put his trust in God.Rom 8:38Php 1:6Mat 27:43
• Because the yielding it describes is won by argument, the stronger or nearer voice can carry the day and the wrong side can win: the officer went with the ship's owner rather than with Paul, and crowds attached themselves to Theudas.Act 27:11Act 5:36
• It stretches to smoothing someone over and setting a troubled mind at rest: the soldiers are promised the governor will be squared away, Herod's petitioners get the king's steward on their side first, and John speaks of quieting our own hearts before God.Mat 28:14Act 12:201Jn 3:19

• Always about placing under someone: to bring into subjection, to subordinate, or of oneself to submit to a higher authority.Luk 2:51Eph 5:21Jas 4:7
• Used for God putting everything under the feet of Christ, a total subordination that the simple verb never carries.1Co 15:27Eph 1:22Heb 2:8

• Both describe placing people or things into a fixed order that God has set. Romans 13:1 uses them side by side: the ruling authorities are appointed by God, and every person is to be subject to them.Rom 13:1

• Names the plain act of appointing or assigning: fixing a time, a place, or a task for someone, with no sense of ranking one person beneath another.Mat 28:16Act 28:23Act 22:10
• Can mean setting oneself or others into a role or devoted service, a positive placement rather than a submission.1Co 16:15Act 15:2

• Places one party in an ordered position under another, the arranged subordination of a fixed relationship, so it fits every ranked pairing the New Testament names: wives and husbands, servants and masters, citizens and rulers.Eph 5:22Tit 2:9Rom 13:1
• Reaches a cosmic scale that a personal yielding never carries: God subjecting all things under Christ's feet, the whole created order brought under one head.1Co 15:27Eph 1:22
• Can describe a subjection that is imposed from outside rather than freely chosen, as when creation was made subject to futility against its will or spirits are made subject to the disciples.Rom 8:20Luk 10:17

• Both call the believer to submit to human authority set over them, deferring to those who lead rather than resisting.Heb 13:171Pe 2:13

• Frames submission as yielding or giving way: letting a leader's guidance prevail instead of pressing one's own course, the disposition of a person willing to be persuaded rather than one being ranked in a structure.Heb 13:17

• reaches beyond willing submission to forced subordination, where a stronger power places another under its authority, including things that cannot choose. God subjects the whole created order to futility and puts every enemy and all things under Christ, none of it by the subject's own consent. The noun never carries this imposed sense.Rom 8:201Co 15:27Eph 1:22Heb 2:8

• both describe a person freely placing themselves under a rightful authority and keeping to that ordered place. A learner receives teaching in this posture, and a believer takes the same posture toward God and toward those set over them.1Ti 2:111Pe 2:13Jas 4:7

—