StrongerBible

lanthanō

λανθάνω

GreekG2990be hidden, escape notice, ...

Appears 6 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Mrk 7:24Luk 8:47Act 26:26Heb 13:22Pe 3:52Pe 3:8
Root family
Names & words formed with this
Word studylan-THAH-nohverb

What lanthanō means

to escape notice: to go unseen or unrecognized, so that something real slips past a person entirely.

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

Greek has ordinary words for hiding something. This one works from the other end. It does not say that anyone hid anything, only that nobody noticed. So when Mark reports that Jesus went into a house and "could not be hidden," the sentence is really that he could not stay unnoticed. No one had concealed him, and he was not concealing himself; the crowd simply found him out.

Often the person who fails to notice is named outright. Paul tells King Agrippa that none of these events has escaped him, since none of it happened in a corner. Peter urges his readers not to let one fact escape them, and says of his opponents that another fact escapes them because they want it to. That last turn is worth watching: in Greek the overlooking can be a choice and not just an accident.

The word has one more job that English cannot copy directly. Greek can set it alongside a second verb, so that the second verb carries the action and this one supplies "without knowing it." That is what happens in Hebrews 13:2, where some people hosted angels and never realized who their guests were. English has to reach for an adverb: "entertained angels unawares."

Hebrews puts that line right next to a close relative of the word, the verb for forgetting or neglecting (ἐπιλανθάνομαι): do not neglect hospitality, because by it some hosted angels without noticing. The two are worth telling apart. Forgetting is losing hold of what you once knew; this word is never taking hold of it in the first place.

Nuances

1ato escape someone's notice: a fact or an event slips past a particular person, who never takes it in
TranslatabilityApproximate
Act 26:262Pe 3:52Pe 3:8
2Pe 3:5

How θέλοντας functions in 2 Peter 3:5, and therefore whether the clause reads "they willfully overlook this" or "in maintaining this, they overlook that ..."

  • majorityθέλοντας is adverbial with λανθάνει, so the fact escapes the opponents by their own will: "they deliberately overlook this."; BDAG, s.v. λανθάνω
  • minorityτοῦτο is the object of θέλοντας rather than of λανθάνει, giving "in maintaining this, they overlook the fact that ..."; R. J. Bauckham, Jude, 2 Peter (Word Biblical Commentary 50), on 2 Pet 3:5
1bto go unnoticed: to stay undetected, with no one in particular named as missing it
Mrk 7:24Luk 8:47
1cto do something without realizing it: the action really happens, but the people doing it never know what it is
Heb 13:2

What scholars say about lanthanō

BDAG divides λανθάνω into the plain sense of escaping notice, often with an accusative of the person from whom something is concealed (Acts 26:26; 2 Pet 3:5, 8), and the classical construction with a supplementary participle, in which λανθάνω supplies the adverbial idea while the participle carries the action (Heb 13:2, ἔλαθόν τινες ξενίσαντες ἀγγέλους). LSJ documents both from Homer onward. The participial idiom is rare in Koine, and Heb 13:2 is its one clear New Testament instance, fitting the more literary style of that book; 2 Pet 3:5 is sometimes counted a second. Attridge notes the allusion in Heb 13:2 to Abraham at Mamre (Gen 18) and Lot at Sodom (Gen 19), alongside the wider Greek hospitality traditions of unrecognized divine guests. At 2 Pet 3:5 the syntax of θέλοντας is disputed: it is commonly read adverbially ("they willfully overlook"), while Bauckham construes τοῦτο as its object ("in maintaining this, they overlook that ..."). The Septuagint regularly renders the niphal of עלם with λανθάνω (Lev 4:13; 5:2-4), which is the basis of the Hebrew counterparts listed here. The root λαθ-/ληθ- also underlies ἐπιλανθάνομαι and λάθρᾳ, and, with privative alpha, ἀλήθεια; since Barr's critique of etymologizing method, the inference from that derivation to a theological sense of truth as "unhiddenness" is generally rejected.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. λανθάνωlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. λανθάνωlexicon
  • H. W. Attridge, The Epistle to the Hebrews (Hermeneia), on Heb 13:2commentary
  • R. J. Bauckham, Jude, 2 Peter (Word Biblical Commentary 50), on 2 Pet 3:5commentary
  • J. Barr, The Semantics of Biblical Languagemonograph

All attested forms of λανθάνω

present active imperative 3s

λανθανέτω

2Pe 3:8

present active indicative 3s

λανθάνει

2Pe 3:5

present active infinitive

λανθάνειν

Act 26:26

second-aorist active indicative 3p

ἔλαθόν

Heb 13:2

second-aorist active indicative 3s

ἔλαθεν

Luk 8:47

second-aorist active infinitive

λαθεῖν

Mrk 7:24