to flow over something with force: to flood and engulf, to sweep it away, or to rinse it clean under running water
One picture holds all the uses of this word together: water moving with power. A river bursts its banks, a storm dumps its rain, a torrent races down a valley. Whatever that rushing water reaches, it does something to.
From that single image the word fans out in three directions. When the water simply rises and covers everything, it floods and overflows. When the rushing water is a picture of something else, an invading army or a wave of judgment, it sweeps that thing away and overwhelms it. And when the running water is aimed at cleaning, it rinses off blood, dirt, or ritual uncleanness. The prophets lean hardest on the middle use, turning a flood into a vivid threat: an enemy pours across the land like water no one can hold back.
English has no single verb that covers flooding, overwhelming, and rinsing at once, so translators pick whichever fits the scene. The connecting thread is always the same forceful, moving water.