StrongerBible

tsame

צָמֵא

HebrewH6771thirsty, dry

Appears 9 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Deu 29:19(18)2Sa 17:29Psa 107:5Pro 25:21Isa 21:14Isa 29:8Isa 32:6Isa 44:3Isa 55:1
Root family
Word studytsah-MEHadjective

What tsame means

thirsty: in need of water and craving it, whether a person longing for a drink or ground parched for rain

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This word is an adjective describing the state of lacking water and wanting it. In a dry land, thirst was a matter of survival, so calling someone "thirsty" was never trivial. It named real danger: the failing strength of travelers in the wilderness, of prisoners, of the poor whose drink runs out.

From that vivid physical picture the word stretches naturally into a comparison. Cracked, dry ground is "thirsty" for rain, and a person can be thirsty for God the way parched land longs for water (Isaiah 55:1). Because English keeps the very same image, these figurative uses read just as cleanly for us as the literal ones.

Its sibling noun צָמָא names the thirst itself, the condition, while this word describes the one who has it. The New Testament reaches for the same picture with the Greek verb διψάω, which likewise runs from a literal dry throat to a deep longing for God.

Nuances

1aphysically thirsty: a person or group whose body craves water
2Sa 17:29Psa 107:5Pro 25:21Isa 21:14Isa 29:8Isa 32:6
1bfiguratively thirsty: parched ground longing for rain, and the soul that longs for God as dry land longs for water
Deu 29:19(18)Isa 44:3Isa 55:1

What scholars say about tsame

The standard lexica (HALOT, BDB, DCH) treat צָמֵא as a stative adjective from the root צמא, denoting the condition of being thirsty. It is applied literally to persons and animals in need of water and figuratively to parched ground and to the soul's longing for God. The sense is uncontested; the only interpretive interest lies in the metaphorical extension at Isaiah 44:3 and 55:1, where thirsty land and a thirsting person become images of Israel's need and of God's provision, and in the merism at Deuteronomy 29:19.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. צָמֵאlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. צָמֵאlexicon

All attested forms of צָמֵא

m s absolute

צָמֵא, צָּמֵא

2Sa 17:29, Pro 25:21, Isa 21:14, Isa 32:6, Isa 44:3, Isa 55:1, Isa 29:8

f s absolute

צְּמֵאָה

Deu 29:19

m p absolute

צְמֵאִים

Psa 107:5