StrongerBible

po'al

פֹּעַל

HebrewH6467work, deed, ...

Appears 37 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Deu 32:4Deu 33:11Rut 2:122Sa 23:201Ch 11:22Job 7:2Job 24:5Job 34:11Job 36:9Job 36:24Psa 9:16(17)Psa 28:4Psa 44:1(2)Psa 64:9(10)Psa 77:12(13)Psa 90:16Psa 92:4(5)Psa 95:9Psa 104:23Psa 111:3Psa 143:5Pro 20:11Pro 21:6Pro 21:8Pro 24:12Pro 24:29Isa 1:31Isa 5:12Isa 41:24Isa 45:9Isa 45:11Isa 59:6Jer 22:13Jer 25:14Jer 50:29Hab 1:5Hab 3:2
Root family
Word studyPO-alnoun

What po'al means

work or deed: what someone does, along with what that doing earns or produces

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintyStrong

At its heart this word names what someone does: a deed, an act, a piece of work. It is a favorite of Hebrew poetry, and above all it names the great acts of God, the doings that the psalms call people to watch for, remember, and sing about.

Because a word for doing naturally reaches toward the fruit of doing, it stretches in two more directions. It can mean the pay a worker has earned, so that a hired laborer waiting for his "work" is waiting for his wages. And it can mean the thing a worker makes, so that a lump of clay is imagined talking back to the potter about "your work."

The same word covers both a person's conduct, which God repays according to what they have actually done, and God's own conduct, whose work is called perfect and worth praising. English cannot hold all of that in one word, so translators reach for work, deed, act, doings, wages, or handiwork depending on which side of the word is in view.

Nuances

1aa deed or action: what God or a person does, whether someone's conduct, their labor, or God's mighty acts
Deu 32:4Deu 33:11Rut 2:122Sa 23:201Ch 11:22Job 24:5Job 34:11Job 36:9Job 36:24Psa 9:16(17)Psa 28:4Psa 44:1(2)
1bwages: the pay a worker has earned for the work done
Job 7:2Jer 22:13
1ca product: the thing that work makes, what someone's hands have shaped
Isa 45:9

What scholars say about po'al

The lexica (BDB, HALOT) treat פֹּעַל as a single noun from the root פעל "to do, make," glossing it "doing, deed, work," with metonymic extensions to "wages of work" (Job 7:2; Jer 22:13) and "thing made, product" (Isa 45:9). BDB organizes the primary sense into deeds of God and deeds of men, but this is a distinction of referent, not of lexical sense. The word is markedly poetic and concentrated in the Psalms, Job, Isaiah, and the wisdom literature, where it frequently denotes the mighty acts of Yahweh. It stands close to the more common מַעֲשֶׂה and to its own cognate פְּעֻלָּה, which specializes toward recompense; TDOT (s.v. פָּעַל pāʿal) surveys the root and notes the overlap and the poetic register. A handful of occurrences are textually or exegetically difficult (Isa 1:31; Prov 21:6; Isa 41:24) and are left unclassified here.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. פֹּעַלlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. פֹּעַלlexicon
  • TDOT, s.v. פָּעַל pāʿaltheological-dictionary

All attested forms of פֹּעַל

m s construct

פָּעֳלוֹ, פֹעֲלוֹ

Deu 32:4, Job 7:2, Job 36:24, Psa 104:23, Psa 111:3, Pro 20:11, Pro 21:8, Pro 24:12

m s construct

פֹּעַל

Deu 33:11, Job 34:11, Psa 9:16, Psa 64:9, Pro 21:6, Isa 5:12, Isa 45:11, Isa 59:6

m s construct

פָּעֳלֶךָ, פָּעָלְךָ

Psa 77:12, Psa 90:16, Psa 92:4, Psa 143:5, Isa 45:9, Hab 3:2

m s construct

פָּעֳלָם

Job 24:5, Job 36:9, Psa 28:4, Jer 25:14

m p absolute

פְּעָלִים

2Sa 23:20, 1Ch 11:22

m s absolute

פֹּעַל

Psa 44:1, Hab 1:5

m s construct

פָעֳלִי

Psa 95:9

m s construct

פָּעֳלֵךְ

Rut 2:12

m s construct

פָעָלְכֶם

Isa 41:24

m s construct

פָעֳלָהּ

Jer 50:29