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miqneh

מִקְנֶה

HebrewH4735cattle, livestock, ...

Appears 76 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 4:20Gen 13:2Gen 13:7 (2×)Gen 26:14 (2×)Gen 29:7Gen 30:29Gen 31:9Gen 31:18 (2×)Gen 33:17Gen 34:5Gen 34:23Gen 36:6Gen 36:7Gen 46:6Gen 46:32Gen 46:34Gen 47:6Gen 47:16 (2×)Gen 47:17 (4×)Gen 47:18Gen 49:32Exo 9:3Exo 9:4 (2×)Exo 9:6Exo 9:7Exo 9:19Exo 9:20Exo 9:21Exo 10:26Exo 12:38Exo 17:3Exo 34:19Num 20:19Num 31:9Num 32:1 (2×)Num 32:4 (2×)Num 32:16Num 32:26Deu 3:19 (2×)Jos 1:14Jos 14:4Jos 22:8Jdg 6:5Jdg 18:211Sa 23:51Sa 30:202Ki 3:171Ch 5:91Ch 5:211Ch 7:21
Root family
Names & words formed with this
Word studymik-NEHnoun

What miqneh means

livestock: the herds and flocks a person owns, counted as movable wealth

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This word comes from the verb "to acquire" (קנה), and that origin shapes its whole sense. It does not name animals in general; it names the animals a person has gotten and now holds as property, the goats, sheep, cattle, donkeys, and camels that make up a herder's working capital. In the world of Genesis, a man's standing was measured in exactly this: Abraham was "very rich" in it, Isaac's grew until the Philistines envied him, and Job's flocks and herds were the first line in the ledger of his greatness.

Because the word already carries the idea of acquired wealth, it slides easily between two shades. Most often it points to the animals themselves, the living herds that graze, breed, and can be struck down in a plague or driven off as plunder. At other times the focus shifts from the beasts to the holding they represent, the herder's substance, what he is worth. The two are never far apart, since for these people the livestock simply was the wealth.

The word is close kin to two relatives from the same root: one names the act or price of buying (מִקְנָה), and one names acquired property in general (קִנְיָן). This word is the concrete middle term, property you can see grazing on the hillside.

Nuances

1athe herds and flocks themselves: the working animals a person owns
Gen 4:20Gen 13:2Gen 26:14 (2×)Gen 29:7Gen 46:32Gen 47:6Exo 9:3Exo 9:4 (2×)Exo 9:6Exo 9:7Exo 10:26Exo 12:38
1blivestock counted as a person's wealth or holdings: what one is worth in herds
Gen 31:9Gen 31:18 (2×)Gen 34:23Gen 36:6Gen 36:7Gen 46:6Jos 22:8Jdg 18:211Ch 28:1Ecc 2:7Ezk 38:12Ezk 38:13

Uncategorized

Awaiting AI sense categorization.

1 verse
Gen 49:32

What scholars say about miqneh

The standard lexica treat מִקְנֶה as essentially a single noun, "cattle, livestock," derived from קנה "to acquire," with the recurring nuance that the livestock stands for a person's movable wealth. BDB glosses it "cattle, live-stock" and notes the close formal relation to מִקְנָה "purchase" from the same root. HALOT and DCH likewise give "livestock, cattle" as the dominant value and group the verses where the term shades toward "possession in herds" under the same head rather than as a separate meaning. The split here into the animals themselves and the animals as reckoned wealth follows that one-meaning, two-shades treatment.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. מִקְנֶהlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. מִקְנֶהlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. מִקְנֶהlexicon

All attested forms of מִקְנֶה

m s absolute

מִקְנֶה, מִּקְנֶה

Gen 4:20, Gen 46:32, Gen 46:34, Gen 47:6, Exo 12:38, Num 32:1, Num 32:1, Num 32:4

m s construct

מִקְנֵה, מִּקְנֵה

Gen 13:7, Gen 13:7, Gen 26:14, Gen 26:14, Gen 31:9, Gen 31:18, Gen 47:17, Gen 47:17

m s construct

מִקְנֵיהֶם, מִקְנֵהֶם

Gen 36:7, Gen 46:6, Gen 47:17, Jos 14:4, Jdg 6:5, 1Sa 23:5, 1Ch 5:9, 1Ch 5:21

m s construct

מִקְנֵהוּ

Gen 31:18, Gen 33:17, Gen 34:5, Gen 36:6, Exo 9:20, Exo 9:21, Job 1:3, Job 1:10

m s construct

מִקְנֵיכֶם, מִקְנֵכֶם

Gen 47:16, Gen 47:16, Jos 1:14, 2Ki 3:17, Deu 3:19

m s construct

מִקְנְךָ, מִקְנֶיךָ

Gen 30:29, Exo 9:3, Exo 9:19, Exo 34:19, Isa 30:23

m s construct

מִקְנֵנוּ

Exo 10:26, Num 32:16, Num 32:26

m s construct

מִקְנַי

Exo 17:3, Num 20:19