StrongerBible

metar

מֵיתָר

HebrewH4340cord, rope, ...

Appears 9 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Exo 35:18Exo 39:40Num 3:26Num 3:37Num 4:26Num 4:32Psa 21:12(13)Isa 54:2Jer 10:20
Word studymay-TAHRnoun

What metar means

a cord that works by being pulled tight: the rope that holds a tent up, or the string of a bow.

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This is the rope that holds a tent up. It runs from the edge of the fabric down to a peg driven into the ground, and it does its job only by being stretched tight. Six of the word's nine appearances sit in the tabernacle inventories of Exodus and Numbers, where the cords are counted off beside the pegs, the posts, and the hangings: plain hardware for a sanctuary that has to be taken down, carried, and set up again.

What holds the uses together is tension rather than the material the rope is made of.

  • A tent stands only while its ropes are pulled tight against the pegs.
  • A household loses everything the moment those ropes are cut.
  • A bow is dead weight until its string is drawn taut.

That is why the prophets reach for the word. Isaiah 54:2 tells a city with no children to lengthen her cords and drive her pegs in harder, because the tent is about to be too small for the family that is coming. Jeremiah 10:20 turns the same picture over: the tent is wrecked, the cords are snapped, the children are gone. Neither passage gives the word a new meaning; both work because every listener knew what happens when one of those ropes goes.

Once, in Psalm 21:12, the word names a bowstring instead. It is the same kind of object seen from a different angle, a line stretched to its limit and holding, and Hebrew treats the two as one idea: the closely related word for a tent rope (יֶתֶר) covers bowstrings too.

Nuances

1athe rope that holds a tent taut, run from the fabric to a peg in the ground; in the tabernacle lists, the cords of the courtyard, counted with the pegs and posts.
Exo 35:18Exo 39:40Num 3:26Num 3:37Num 4:26Num 4:32Isa 54:2Jer 10:20
1bthe string of a bow, the cord stretched tight between its two ends.
TranslatabilityDirect
Psa 21:12(13)

What scholars say about metar

The standard critical lexicons agree and record no live debate. BDB, HALOT, and DCH all treat מֵיתָר as a noun formed from the root יתר and give it one lexical range with two applications: the guy ropes of a tent, and in particular the cords of the tabernacle court in the priestly inventories (Exodus 35:18; 39:40; Numbers 3:26, 37; 4:26, 32), and the string of a bow (Psalm 21:13 in Hebrew numbering, 21:12 in English). The cognate noun יֶתֶר carries the same pair of applications, which is the principal lexical argument that these are not two ideas but one, a line held under tension. The figurative occurrences in Isaiah 54:2 and Jeremiah 10:20 are handled by the lexica and by the standard commentaries as the tent-cord sense deployed in a figure rather than as a distinct lexeme: Oswalt reads Isaiah 54:2 as an enlargement-of-the-tent image for the restored community, and Holladay reads Jeremiah 10:20 as the collapse of the nomadic household. Kraus treats the bow reference in Psalm 21 as ordinary archery imagery, not a textual difficulty, though the elliptical Hebrew leaves translators to decide how much of the archery scene to supply.

Sources

  • HALOT (Koehler-Baumgartner), s.v. מֵיתָרlexicon
  • BDB (Brown-Driver-Briggs), s.v. מֵיתָרlexicon
  • DCH (Clines, ed.), s.v. מיתרlexicon
  • John N. Oswalt, The Book of Isaiah, Chapters 40-66, NICOT (1998)commentary
  • William L. Holladay, Jeremiah 1, Hermeneia (1986)commentary
  • Hans-Joachim Kraus, Psalms 1-59: A Continental Commentary (1988)commentary

All attested forms of מֵיתָר

m p construct

מֵיתְרֵיהֶם

Exo 35:18, Num 3:37, Num 4:26, Num 4:32

m p construct

מֵיתָרָיו

Exo 39:40, Num 3:26

m p construct

מֵיתָרַי

Jer 10:20

m p construct

מֵיתָרַיִךְ

Isa 54:2

m p construct

מֵיתָרֶיךָ

Psa 21:12