StrongerBible

zamar

זָמַר

HebrewH2167sing praises, make music, ...

Appears 45 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Jdg 5:32Sa 22:501Ch 16:9Psa 7:17(18)Psa 9:2(3)Psa 9:11(12)Psa 18:49(50)Psa 21:13(14)Psa 27:6Psa 30:4(5)Psa 30:12(13)Psa 33:2Psa 47:6(7) (4×)Psa 47:7(8)Psa 57:7(8)Psa 57:9(10)Psa 59:17(18)Psa 61:8(9)Psa 66:2Psa 66:4 (2×)Psa 68:4(5)Psa 68:32(33)Psa 71:22Psa 71:23Psa 75:9(10)Psa 92:1(2)Psa 98:4Psa 98:5Psa 101:1Psa 104:33Psa 105:2Psa 108:1(2)Psa 108:3(4)Psa 138:1Psa 144:9Psa 146:2Psa 147:1Psa 149:3
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Word studyzah-MARverb

What zamar means

to make music in praise of God, whether by singing or by playing an instrument.

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

This is Israel's main word for worship set to music. It is not music for its own sake: in the Bible the one being praised is almost always God, and the setting is worship. The word reaches from a single voice lifted in private thanks to a whole congregation breaking into song.

The word covers both halves of music at once, the singing and the playing, and the two are usually doing the same job. A psalm will often say in one breath that the worshiper will sing to God and strike up the harp, so the line between voice and instrument is deliberately blurred. That is why a single English word rarely fits: translators reach for sing, sing praises, make music, or play, depending on whether a harp or a voice is in view.

Because it lives almost entirely in the book of Psalms, the word carries the flavor of public, festive, glad worship. To make music in this sense is to give God his due in the one language a worshiping community has always shared.

Nuances

1ato sing praise to God, to lift the voice in glad worship.
Jdg 5:32Sa 22:501Ch 16:9Psa 7:17(18)Psa 9:2(3)Psa 9:11(12)Psa 18:49(50)Psa 30:4(5)Psa 30:12(13)Psa 47:6(7) (4×)Psa 47:7(8)Psa 66:2
1bto make music to God on a stringed instrument, the playing that carries the praise.
Psa 33:2Psa 71:22Psa 92:1(2)Psa 98:5Psa 144:9Psa 147:7Psa 149:3

What scholars say about zamar

The standard lexica (BDB, HALOT, DCH) treat זמר as a single root meaning to make music in praise of God, attested almost exclusively in the Piel and overwhelmingly in the Psalter. The lexica register both a vocal nuance (to sing, sing praise) and an instrumental nuance (to make music on, play), the latter signaled where the verse names a stringed instrument such as כנור or נבל; the two regularly stand in parallel within a single colon, indicating one integrated act of musical worship rather than two distinct verbs. TDOT (s.v. זמר) and TWOT note the consistently cultic, doxological object (almost always YHWH) and connect the verb to the derived nouns מִזְמוֹר (psalm) and זִמְרָה (song, music). The homonymous root זמר II to prune (Lev 25:3-4; Isa 5:6) is judged etymologically unrelated and carries its own Strong's number, so it is not in view here.

Sources

  • BDB (Brown-Driver-Briggs), s.v. זמר Ilexicon
  • HALOT (Koehler-Baumgartner), s.v. זמר Ilexicon
  • DCH (Clines, ed.), s.v. זמר Ilexicon
  • C. Barth, "זמר zmr," in Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (TDOT) 4:91-98dictionary
  • TWOT (Harris, Archer, Waltke, eds.), no. 558, s.v. זמרdictionary

All attested forms of זָמַר

piel imperative 2mp

זַמְּרוּ, זַמֵּרוּ

1Ch 16:9, Psa 9:11, Psa 30:4, Psa 33:2, Psa 47:6, Psa 47:6, Psa 47:7, Psa 66:2

piel cohortative 1cs

אֲזַמְּרָה, אֲזַמֵּרָה

Psa 7:17, Psa 9:2, Psa 27:6, Psa 61:8, Psa 71:22, Psa 71:23, Psa 75:9, Psa 104:33

piel imperfect 1cs

אֲזַמֵּר, אֲזַמְּרֶ, אֲזַמֶּרְ

Jdg 5:3, 2Sa 22:50, Psa 138:1, Psa 57:9

piel imperfect 3mp

יְזַמְּרוּ

Psa 66:4, Psa 149:3

piel infinitive-construct construct

זַמֵּר, זַמְּרָה

Psa 92:1, Psa 147:1

piel cohortative 1cp

נְזַמְּרָה

Psa 21:13

piel conjunctive-imperfect 1cs

וַאֲזַמֶּרְ

Psa 108:3

piel conjunctive-imperfect 3mp

וִיזַמְּרוּ

Psa 66:4

piel jussive 3ms

יְזַמֶּרְ

Psa 30:12