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gazaz

גָּזַז

HebrewH1494shear, poll, ...

Appears 15 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 31:19Gen 38:12Gen 38:13Deu 15:191Sa 25:21Sa 25:41Sa 25:71Sa 25:112Sa 13:232Sa 13:24Job 1:20Isa 53:7Jer 7:29Mic 1:16Nam 1:12
Root family
Word studygah-ZAZverb

What gazaz means

to shear or clip: to cut wool off a flock, or hair off a head, close to the skin

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

At its core this verb names one plain action: cutting hair or wool off close to the skin with a blade. Most of its uses picture the yearly sheep-shearing, a festive, profitable time when a farmer clipped the wool from his flock and threw a feast for the workers. That setting is behind Nabal's and Absalom's shearing parties, and it gives Isaiah his famous picture of a silent sheep before those who shear it.

The same verb turns from animals to people when a man takes a blade to his own head. When Job hears his children are dead he tears his robe and shears his head; the prophets order a grieving Jerusalem to shear off her hair. Cutting the hair this way was a raw, public sign of mourning or shock, and the word for clipping a sheep is exactly the word used for it.

Once, in Nahum, the action is turned into a figure of speech: a mighty army, however large, will be sheared off and pass away, the way wool is stripped from a sheep. The bridge across all three uses is the single image of a blade taking hair or wool right down to the skin, whether on a sheep, on a mourner's head, or over a doomed people. A near neighbor, גָּלַח, covers scraping the skin fully clean with a razor rather than clipping it close.

Nuances

1ato shear a flock: to clip the wool off sheep or goats
TranslatabilityDirect
Gen 31:19Gen 38:12Gen 38:13Deu 15:191Sa 25:21Sa 25:41Sa 25:71Sa 25:112Sa 13:232Sa 13:24Isa 53:7
1bto cut the hair off a person's head, close to the scalp, often as a sign of grief or dedication
Job 1:20Jer 7:29Mic 1:16
1cto be sheared off: to be cut down and pass away, used as an image of a people coming to an end
Nam 1:12

What scholars say about gazaz

The lexicons treat גזז as a single verb meaning to shear or clip, applied both to the wool of a flock and to the hair of the head; the participle also supplies the noun for a shearer. The wool sense dominates the corpus, with the annual shearing (Gen 38; 1 Sam 25; 2 Sam 13) a recognized social occasion. The head-shearing uses (Job 1:20; Jer 7:29; Mic 1:16) belong to the well-attested repertoire of mourning gestures. The passive form in Nah 1:12 is read as a figurative extension, the enemy cut off as wool is stripped away.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. גזזlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. גזזlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. גזזlexicon

All attested forms of גָּזַז

qal infinitive-construct construct

גְזֹז, גֹז

Gen 31:19, 1Sa 25:2, Gen 38:13

qal participle m p absolute

גֹזְזִים

1Sa 25:7, 2Sa 13:23, 2Sa 13:24

qal participle m p construct

גֹזְזָ, גֹזְזֶי, גֹּזֲזֵי

1Sa 25:11, Isa 53:7, Gen 38:12

qal imperative 2fs

גָּזִּי, גֹזִּי

Jer 7:29, Mic 1:16

niphal perfect 3cp

נָגֹזּוּ

Nam 1:12

qal consecutive-imperfect 3ms

וַיָּגָז

Job 1:20

qal imperfect 2ms

תָגֹז

Deu 15:19

qal participle m s absolute

גֹזֵז

1Sa 25:4