StrongerBible

arukhah

אֲרוּכָה

HebrewH0724health, healing, ...

Appears 6 times · tap a cell to see the verses

2Ch 24:13Neh 4:7(1)Isa 58:8Jer 8:22Jer 30:17Jer 33:6
Root family
Word studyah-roo-KHAHnoun

What arukhah means

healing pictured as a wound closing over: the mending that comes up on what was torn open, whether that is a body or a broken wall.

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintyStrong

The picture behind this word is a wound knitting shut. Hebrew does not say that this healing arrives or is given; it says the healing "comes up" on the injured place, the way fresh skin grows over a cut. So the word names the visible mending of specific damage rather than a general condition of feeling well.

That image holds whether the patient is a person or a pile of stones:

  • Jeremiah asks why the healing of his people has not come up, when there is balm in Gilead and a physician there (Jeremiah 8:22).
  • God promises to bring healing up for a wounded Zion whom no one else will treat (Jeremiah 30:17).
  • The repairs came up on the temple work as the craftsmen finished it (2 Chronicles 24:13).
  • Sanballat is furious when he hears that healing has come up on the walls of Jerusalem and the gaps in them are being closed (Nehemiah 4:7).

Because the mending is something that grows, Isaiah can speak of it like a plant: your healing will spring up quickly, in the same breath as light breaking out at dawn (Isaiah 58:8). And because it names the closing of one particular injury, it sits easily beside the broader word for a cure (מַרְפֵּא), which Jeremiah puts next to it in Jeremiah 33:6, and apart from the word for the remedy that gets applied (רְפֻאָה).

The two settings, a wounded body and a ruined wall, are not two ideas in Hebrew. They are one: something torn open is being closed again, and you can see it happening.

Nuances

1ahealing that comes to a wounded body or a wounded people, so that health returns
TranslatabilityApproximate
Isa 58:8Jer 8:22Jer 30:17Jer 33:6
1brepair that closes up a damaged building or wall, spoken of as a wound healing
2Ch 24:13Neh 4:7(1)

What scholars say about arukhah

BDB, HALOT, and DCH all gloss the noun as healing or restoration to health, and BDB explains the sense concretely as the new flesh that grows at a wounded spot, associating the form with the root ארך so that the healing is what extends over the injury; HALOT treats that derivation as uncertain, and the etymology is not what the lexica rest the gloss on. All three keep the four prophetic occurrences (Jeremiah 8:22; 30:17; 33:6; Isaiah 58:8) and the two building occurrences (2 Chronicles 24:13; Nehemiah 4:7) within a single entry, taking the masonry uses as a transferred application of the same noun rather than a homonym. The collocation is fixed: in five of the six verses the noun stands with עלה, "to go up", and in Isaiah 58:8 with צמח, "to sprout". The Septuagint renders it with ἴασις at Jeremiah 8:22 and with the plural of ἴαμα at Isaiah 58:8, which is why those two Greek nouns are the nearest New Testament counterparts. Commentators on Jeremiah 8:22 note that the rhetorical question turns on this concrete idiom: the balm and the physician are available, yet no scar tissue has formed over the nation's wound.

Sources

  • BDB (Brown-Driver-Briggs), s.v. אֲרוּכָהlexicon
  • HALOT (Koehler-Baumgartner), s.v. אֲרוּכָהlexicon
  • DCH (Clines, ed.), s.v. אֲרוּכָהlexicon
  • William L. Holladay, Jeremiah 1, Hermeneia (1986), on 8:22commentary

All attested forms of אֲרוּכָה

f s absolute

אֲרוּכָה, אֲרֻכָה

2Ch 24:13, Neh 4:7, Jer 30:17, Jer 33:6

f s construct

אֲרֻכַת

Jer 8:22

f s construct

אֲרֻכָתְךָ

Isa 58:8