timaō

This is the ordinary word for giving someone their due weight of respect. It covers the honor children owe their parents (the fifth commandment is quoted with this verb in the Gospels), the reverence people owe God and Christ, and the regard citizens owe one another and their rulers. In each case the point is not a warm feeling but conduct: to honor is to act toward a person in the way their standing deserves.

Because honor is shown by deeds, the word can shade into concrete support. When the New Testament says to "honor" widows or when Paul's hosts "honored" the shipwrecked travelers with provisions, the respect takes the tangible form of care and gifts. English "honor" alone can miss that practical edge.

The closest Hebrew counterpart is כבד, the word used in the original fifth commandment, which likewise ties honor to giving someone their proper weight. It sits near, but is distinct from, δοξάζω, which ascribes glory or splendor rather than due regard.

In its commercial sense the word means to put a price on something, to appraise its monetary worth. This meaning appears only where Matthew quotes the prophetic line about the thirty pieces of silver, twice in a single breath: the price "of him who was priced, whom they priced." The wordplay drives home the outrage that a person was reduced to a sum.

English keeps the same overlap between esteem and price in words like "to value" and "appraise," which is why one Greek word can carry both ideas: what a thing is worth in regard and what it is worth in money are two edges of the same notion of worth.