StrongerBible

totsa'ah

תּוֹצָאָה

HebrewH8444goings out, borders, ...

Appears 23 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Num 34:4Num 34:5Num 34:8Num 34:9Num 34:12Jos 15:4Jos 15:7Jos 15:11Jos 16:3Jos 16:8Jos 17:9Jos 17:18Jos 18:12Jos 18:14Jos 18:19Jos 19:14Jos 19:22Jos 19:29Jos 19:331Ch 5:16Psa 68:20(21)Pro 4:23Ezk 48:30
Root family
Word studytoh-tsaw-AHnoun

What totsa'ah means

goings out: the point at which a line, a place, or a thing runs out, ends, or issues forth

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintyStrong

This word comes from the ordinary verb "to go out," and it names the place or point where that going out happens. Almost always plural, it works like a snapshot of movement frozen at its edge: where a boundary line finally runs out, where a city opens onto the road, where water breaks from a spring, where a trapped person finds a way through.

Most of its appearances are in the survey-like border descriptions of Numbers and Joshua. There it marks the far end of a boundary line, the spot where the border "goes out" and stops. It is close to the plain word for a border (גְּבוּל), but it is not the same idea: the border is the whole line or the land it encloses, while this word pins down the terminal points where that line runs out.

A handful of poetic uses stretch the same picture in fresh directions:

  • In Proverbs the heart is the place "from which" life goes out, so the word names life's wellsprings.
  • In one psalm the ways out from death belong to God, so it names escape or rescue.
  • In Ezekiel it marks a city's exits, the gates where people pass out.

A related word from the same verb, מוֹצָא, sits nearby and can also mean a spring or an exit, but it usually points to a single source or a single act of going out, while this word gathers up the several end points or outlets.

Nuances

1athe far end of a boundary line, where a border runs out and stops; the outer limits of a territory
TranslatabilityApproximate
Num 34:4Num 34:5Num 34:8Num 34:9Num 34:12Jos 15:4Jos 15:7Jos 15:11Jos 16:3Jos 16:8Jos 17:9Jos 17:18
1bthe exits or gates of a city, where people pass out
Ezk 48:30
1cthe source or wellspring from which something flows out
Pro 4:23
1da way out; escape or rescue
Psa 68:20(21)

What scholars say about totsa'ah

A feminine plural deverbal noun (rarely singular) from יָצָא "to go out." HALOT and BDB agree on a single lexeme with a range of applications: the great majority of its 23 occurrences are technical geographic usage in the boundary itineraries of Numbers 34 and Joshua 15-19, where תּוֹצְאוֹת denotes the terminus of a border line ("the goings out of the border were at X"). The same construction covers a territory's outer limits in 1 Chronicles 5:16. The remaining figurative uses extend the going-out image: the exits of the city in Ezekiel 48:30, the sources of life in Proverbs 4:23 (מִמֶּנּוּ תּוֹצְאוֹת חַיִּים), and escape from death in Psalm 68:20 (לַמָּוֶת תּוֹצָאוֹת). The lexica treat these as contextual senses of one noun rather than as homonyms, since the deverbal core ("place or point of going out") is common to all. Standard treatments: HALOT s.v. תּוֹצָאוֹת; BDB s.v. תּוֹצָאָה; TWOT no. 893 (יָצָא and derivatives).

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. תּוֹצָאוֹתlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. תּוֹצָאָהlexicon
  • TWOT, no. 893 (יָצָא)theological-dictionary

All attested forms of תּוֹצָאָה

f p construct

תֹּצְאֹתָיו, תּוֹצְאֹתָיו

Jos 15:7, Jos 16:3, Jos 16:8, Jos 17:9, Jos 17:18, Jos 18:12, Jos 18:14, Jos 19:14

f p construct

תֹּצְאוֹת, תּוֹצְאֹת, תּוֹצְאוֹת

Jos 15:4, Jos 15:11, Jos 18:19, Jos 19:22, Num 34:8, Ezk 48:30, Pro 4:23

f p absolute

תּוֹצָאוֹת

Psa 68:20

f p construct

תּוֹצְאוֹתָם

1Ch 5:16