StrongerBible

tsemer

צֶמֶר

HebrewH6785wool

Appears 16 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Lev 13:47Lev 13:48Lev 13:52Lev 13:59Deu 22:11Jdg 6:372Ki 3:4Psa 147:16Pro 31:13Isa 1:18Isa 51:8Ezk 27:18Ezk 34:3Ezk 44:17Hos 2:5(7)Hos 2:9(11)
Root family
Word studyTSEH-mernoun

What tsemer means

wool: the soft fleece shorn from sheep, spun and woven into cloth

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This is the ordinary Hebrew word for wool, the fleece of a sheep once it is shorn and made ready to spin. It names a real, everyday material, not an idea, so it turns up wherever cloth and clothing do: garments inspected for mildew, a capable wife who "seeks wool and flax" and works it with her hands, and the priests forbidden to let it touch them when they serve inside the sanctuary. Alongside linen (פֵּשֶׁת), wool is one of the two great fibers of the ancient world, an animal fiber where linen is a plant one, and the two are named together so often that the law against weaving them into a single cloth needs no explanation.

Because wool is a genuine commodity, it also shows up as wealth. The king of Moab pays Israel a yearly tribute counted in rams and their wool, and the merchants of Tyre trade for the white wool of Damascus. And because good wool is prized for being clean and pale, the Bible reaches for it in word-pictures: snow lies on the ground "like wool," and forgiven sins that were once scarlet will become "as wool." In each of these the point of the comparison is simply the color, wool's soft whiteness, not any hidden meaning in the material itself.

The word stays a single, plain thing throughout. Whether it is fleece on the ground for a sign (גִּזָּה), cloth on the loom, tribute on the road, or an image of what is white and clean, it always means the same wool.

Lev 13:47Lev 13:48Lev 13:52Lev 13:59Deu 22:11Jdg 6:372Ki 3:4Psa 147:16Pro 31:13Isa 1:18Isa 51:8Ezk 27:18

What scholars say about tsemer

The lexica (HALOT, BDB, DCH) agree without dispute on the sense "wool," the fleece of sheep, with cognates across the Semitic languages. The term is regularly paired with פֵּשֶׁת "flax/linen" and stands behind the mixed-fabric prohibition of Deuteronomy 22:11 (compare Leviticus 19:19). It denotes both the raw material worked into cloth (Proverbs 31:13; Leviticus 13) and wool as a traded commodity (2 Kings 3:4; Ezekiel 27:18, where צֶמֶר צָחַר is best taken as "white wool"). Ezekiel 44:17 reflects the priestly requirement of linen rather than wool for service in the inner court.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. צֶמֶרlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. צֶמֶרlexicon
  • DCH, s.v. צֶמֶרlexicon

All attested forms of צֶמֶר

m s absolute

צֶּמֶר, צֶמֶר, צָּמֶר, צָמֶר

Lev 13:52, Lev 13:59, Jdg 6:37, Isa 1:18, Isa 51:8, Ezk 34:3, Lev 13:47, Deu 22:11

m s construct

צַמְרִי

Hos 2:5, Hos 2:9

m s construct

צֶמֶר

Ezk 27:18