StrongerBible

lu'aḥ

לוּחַ

HebrewH3871tablet, board, ...

Appears 43 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Exo 24:12Exo 27:8Exo 31:18 (2×)Exo 32:15 (2×)Exo 32:16 (2×)Exo 32:19Exo 34:1 (3×)Exo 34:4 (2×)Exo 34:28Exo 34:29Exo 38:7Deu 4:13Deu 5:22Deu 9:9 (2×)Deu 9:10Deu 9:11 (2×)Deu 9:15Deu 9:17Deu 10:1Deu 10:2 (2×)Deu 10:3 (2×)Deu 10:4Deu 10:51Ki 7:361Ki 8:92Ch 5:10Pro 3:3Pro 7:3Sng 8:9Isa 30:8Jer 17:1Ezk 27:5Hab 2:2
Root family
Word studyLOO-akhnoun

What lu'aḥ means

a flat slab of stone or wood: a writing tablet, or a board or plank

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

At its core this word names a flat, smooth slab. Whether the slab is stone or wood, and whether it is meant to be written on or built into something, depends on the setting.

Its most famous use by far is the writing tablet. When God gave the Ten Commandments at Sinai, he wrote them on two slabs of stone, and the Hebrew word for those slabs is this one. From there the word stretches to any flat surface meant to carry a written message, including the prophet's tablet on which a vision is recorded so it can be read at a glance, and the figurative tablet of the heart, where loyalty or sin is described as written deep inside a person.

The same word also names a plain flat board or plank used in building: the boards of the bronze altar, the panels set into the stands that held the temple basins, a cedar board fixed against a wall, and the deck planks of a ship. These uses share the literal picture of a flat slab even though nothing is written on them, which is why one Hebrew word covers both the stone tablets of the law and the timber of a ship's deck.

Nuances

1aa writing tablet: a flat slab inscribed with a message, especially the two stone tablets of the commandments
Exo 24:12Exo 31:18 (2×)Exo 32:15 (2×)Exo 32:16 (2×)Exo 32:19Exo 34:1 (3×)Exo 34:4 (2×)Exo 34:28Exo 34:29Deu 4:13Deu 5:22Deu 9:9 (2×)
1bthe tablet of the heart: the inner self pictured as a surface on which loyalty or sin is permanently written
Pro 3:3Pro 7:3Jer 17:1
1ca board, plank, or panel: a flat slab of wood or metal used in building
Exo 27:8Exo 38:71Ki 7:36Sng 8:9Ezk 27:5

What scholars say about lu'aḥ

The standard lexica (BDB, HALOT) treat לוּחַ as a single noun meaning a flat slab, with the principal sub-uses tablet (especially the two stone tablets of the Decalogue), board or plank in construction, and the figurative tablet of the heart. The sense is well established and uncontested; the lexica differ only in how finely they subdivide the construction uses. The cognate evidence (Akkadian le'u, Ugaritic lh) supports the basic meaning of a writing board or wooden plank.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. לוּחַlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. לוּחַlexicon

All attested forms of לוּחַ

f p construct

לֻחֹת, לוּחֹת, לֻחוֹת, לֻוחֹת, לֻּחֹת

Exo 24:12, Exo 31:18, Exo 31:18, Exo 32:15, Exo 34:1, Exo 34:4, Exo 34:4, Exo 34:29

f p absolute

לֻּחֹת, לֻחֹת, לֻּחוֹת

Exo 32:16, Exo 32:16, Exo 32:19, Exo 34:1, Exo 34:1, Exo 34:28, Deu 9:17, Deu 10:2

m s construct

לוּחַ

Pro 3:3, Pro 7:3, Sng 8:9, Jer 17:1

f d absolute

לֻחֹתָיִם

Ezk 27:5

m s absolute

לוּחַ

Isa 30:8