StrongerBible

yahav

יָהַב

HebrewH3051give, ascribe, ...

Appears 34 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 11:3Gen 11:4Gen 11:7Gen 29:21Gen 30:1Gen 38:16Gen 47:15Gen 47:16Exo 1:10Deu 1:13Deu 32:3Jos 18:4Jdg 1:15Jdg 20:7Rut 3:151Sa 14:41 (2×)2Sa 11:152Sa 16:201Ch 16:28 (2×)1Ch 16:29Job 6:22Psa 29:1Psa 60:11(13)Pro 30:15 (2×)
Root family
Word studyyah-HAVverb

What yahav means

1

give: hand something over, grant it, or credit it to someone, always as a command or urgent request

TranslatabilityPartialCertaintySettled

This is the verb "give," but with an unusual limitation: in Hebrew it survives only as a command or a plea. You never read that someone "gave" with this word; you only ever hear someone say "Give!" For every other form, the language uses the ordinary verb for giving instead. So the word almost always carries a note of demand or appeal, from a wife asking for children to a leech crying "Give, give."

The senses fan out from the plain act of handing something over. Sometimes what is given is a physical thing or a person. Sometimes it is something furnished on request, like counsel, capable men, or help in battle, where "give" shades toward "provide" or "appoint." And in worship it becomes "ascribe": the command to give the LORD glory and strength does not add anything to God but renders to him the honor already his.

What holds these together is the single motion of directing something toward another party at that party's word. The differences are matters of what is handed over and to whom, not of a different underlying action.

Nuances

1ahand over a thing or a person to someone who asks for it
Gen 29:21Gen 30:1Gen 47:15Gen 47:16Jdg 1:15Rut 3:15Job 6:22Pro 30:15 (2×)Zec 11:12
1bfurnish, provide, or assign what is asked for: capable men, counsel, help, or a person put in place
Deu 1:13Jos 18:4Jdg 20:71Sa 14:41 (2×)2Sa 11:152Sa 16:20Psa 60:11(13)Psa 108:12
1cascribe: render to the LORD in worship the glory, strength, and greatness already his
Deu 32:31Ch 16:28 (2×)1Ch 16:29Psa 29:1Psa 29:2Psa 96:7Psa 96:8
2

come now!: a call urging others (or oneself) to get on with an action, often "come, let us..."

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

When the command to give is aimed not at a thing but at an action, it turns into a summons: "come now, let us build," "come, let us deal shrewdly." It is the same verb as "give," but here it means give yourself to what follows, so English renders it "come" or "come now."

This use always sits in front of a proposal the speaker wants carried out. The builders at Babel rally each other with it, Pharaoh uses it to plot against Israel, and Judah uses it to press Tamar. The force is not motion from one place to another but the nudge to begin: less "walk over here" than "let's do this."

Gen 11:3Gen 11:4Gen 11:7Gen 38:16Exo 1:10

What scholars say about yahav

yahab is a defective verb attested only in the imperative; the rest of its paradigm is supplied suppletively by natan (H5414). The cognate in Biblical Aramaic (H3052) is fully conjugated. Standard lexica (BDB, HALOT) treat the hortatory particle habah as this imperative used interjectionally, glossed "come!" and typically prefacing a first-person cohortative (Gen 11:3-7; Exod 1:10). The formulaic call habu la-YHWH "ascribe to the LORD" (Ps 29:1-2; 96:7-8; 1 Chr 16:28-29; Deut 32:3) is a recognized summons to worship in which the verb means to render due honor. The lexica agree on the semantics; the range from "give" through "provide/appoint" to "ascribe" is treated as contextual extension of one verb rather than distinct roots.

Sources

  • BDB, s.v. יָהַבlexicon
  • HALOT, s.v. יהבlexicon
  • TWOT 848, s.v. יָהַבdictionary

All attested forms of יָהַב

qal imperative 2mp

הָבוּ

Gen 47:16, Deu 1:13, Deu 32:3, Jos 18:4, Jdg 20:7, 2Sa 11:15, 2Sa 16:20, 1Ch 16:28

qal imperative 2ms

הָבָ, הַב

Gen 11:3, Gen 11:4, Gen 11:7, Gen 29:21, Gen 30:1, Gen 38:16, Gen 47:15, Exo 1:10

qal imperative 2fs

הָבִי

Rut 3:15