ḥat

This is the naming word of a small family built on one picture: something breaking. What it names is not a mood a creature works itself into but a dread laid on it from outside, the kind that takes away the will to hold its ground.

Both places it appears turn on power over animals. After the flood God puts the dread of humans on every living thing, so the fear itself is handed over as part of a grant of authority. In Job the great sea creature is described as the one thing made without it, and that absence is the point: nothing can lay this dread on it, which is why a speech about the creature turns into a speech about its Maker.

What English "dread" misses is the family connection. The verb this word belongs with (חָתַת) is used of bows that snap and of nations broken past repair, so the dread named here is fear with breakage inside it: not a shiver, but a creature's resistance giving way.

Here the same word describes a thing or a person as already broken. It is the settled condition rather than the act, and Hebrew uses it for both halves of the picture without switching words.

In Hannah's song the bows of the strong are the broken thing, and the whole force of the line is reversal: the armed and the mighty come apart while the weak are handed strength. In Jeremiah's oracle against Egypt it is the soldiers themselves, a well equipped army whose nerve gives way at Carchemish so that they turn and run without looking back.

English has to pick one side each time. Translators reach for "broken" or "shattered" where a weapon is in view and "dismayed" or "terrified" where an army is, and both are right; the Hebrew simply does not separate the snapped weapon from the snapped courage. The ordinary word for breaking things (שָׁבַר) leans toward literal breakage, and this is the word that carries both at once.