StrongerBible

harah

הָרָה

HebrewH2029conceive, be with child, ...

Appears 43 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Gen 4:1Gen 4:17Gen 16:4 (2×)Gen 16:5Gen 19:36Gen 21:2Gen 25:21Gen 29:32Gen 29:33Gen 29:34Gen 29:35Gen 30:5Gen 30:7Gen 30:17Gen 49:26Num 11:12Jdg 13:3Job 3:3Job 15:35Psa 7:14(15)Sng 3:4Isa 26:18Isa 33:11Isa 59:4Isa 59:13Hos 2:5(7)
Root family
Word studyResearch-gradeha-RAHverb

What harah means

to conceive: to become pregnant, the very start of carrying a child

TranslatabilityApproximateCertaintySettled

This is the verb for the very beginning of a new life, the moment a child is set in motion inside the mother. It never names the delivery itself; a different word, to bear a child (יָלַד), carries that. The Bible pairs the two again and again in the steady refrain "she conceived and bore," which fixes this word at the front of the sequence: first conceiving, then carrying, then bearing.

In the birth stories that refrain is almost never neutral. It marks the turning points of a family line, and its small variations carry weight: Hagar conceives long before she bears, leaving room for an encounter with God in between; Lot's daughters conceive by their own father; the childless mothers of the great families hinge on whether a woman conceives at all. Behind nearly every "she conceived" the writers assume that conceiving is finally God's gift, not something people simply accomplish.

From that concrete core the word stretches into a vivid picture. Just as a woman conceives and then brings forth a child, a person can be said to conceive trouble within and then bring it forth as a deed. Poets and prophets reach for this image to show that evil is not an accident but something deliberately set in motion and carried inside before it is ever born into the world. The same picture can be turned toward failure: a nation strains as if in labor and gives birth only to wind, all its effort coming to nothing.

Nuances

1ato become pregnant with a child; the start of a pregnancy, often in the refrain "she conceived and bore"
TranslatabilityDirect
Gen 4:1Gen 4:17Gen 16:4 (2×)Gen 16:5Gen 19:36Gen 21:2Gen 25:21Gen 29:32Gen 29:33Gen 29:34Gen 29:35Gen 30:5
1bto conceive evil: to set a wrong within oneself that is then carried out, a deliberate picture drawn from pregnancy
Job 15:35Psa 7:14(15)Isa 33:11Isa 59:4Isa 59:13
1cto conceive in vain: a pregnancy image for straining effort that produces nothing, giving birth only to wind
Isa 26:18

What scholars say about harah

The standard lexica (BDB, HALOT, DCH) treat הרה as a single verb "to conceive, become pregnant," attested overwhelmingly in the qal and often in the fixed collocation הרה + ילד ("conceived and bore"). Ottosson (TDOT III:458-461) stresses that the verb always refers to conception or the state of pregnancy and never to parturition, which is the domain of ילד; the sense is ingressive-fientive, naming either the moment of conception (Gen 4:1, following ידע) or the resulting condition. A well-recognized figurative extension applies the whole birth-vocabulary to the wicked's gestation of evil (Job 15:35; Ps 7:15 [MT]; Isa 33:11; 59:4, 13), understood as a live metaphor on the literal sense rather than a separate root; Isa 26:18 turns the same image toward futility ("we conceived, we writhed, we gave birth to wind"). Two rare non-qal forms are the passive at Job 3:3 (הֹרָה, "a man-child was conceived") and the poel participle at Isa 59:13. Gen 49:26 הוֹרַי is text-critically disputed: the Masoretic pointing yields "my progenitors" (participle of this root), but many critics read הַרְרֵי "mountains," comparing the parallel "everlasting hills" and Deut 33:15, with the Septuagint and Samaritan. The most contested cruxes of the root, Gen 3:16 (the noun הֵרוֹן) and Isa 7:14 (the adjective הָרָה with עַלְמָה), attach to the noun and adjective rather than to the finite verb, and turn on translation and derivation, not on doubt about what the verb denotes.

In-depth research

This is a research paper, so it may be hard to read without scholarly background. It is useful if you want to dig even deeper into this word.

Sources

  • HALOT, s.v. הרהlexicon
  • BDB, s.v. הרה, pp. 247-248lexicon
  • DCH, vol. 2, s.v. הרהlexicon
  • M. Ottosson, "הרה," TDOT vol. III, pp. 458-461dictionary

All attested forms of הָרָה

qal consecutive-imperfect 3fs

וַתַּהַר

Gen 4:1, Gen 4:17, Gen 16:4, Gen 21:2, Gen 25:21, Gen 29:32, Gen 29:33, Gen 29:34

qal infinitive-absolute absolute

הָרֹה, הָרוֹ

Job 15:35, Isa 59:4

qal participle f s construct

הוֹרָתִ, הוֹרָתָ

Sng 3:4, Hos 2:5

qal perfect 3fs

הָרָתָה

Gen 16:4, Gen 16:5

piel infinitive-absolute absolute

הֹרוֹ

Isa 59:13

pual perfect 3ms

הֹרָה

Job 3:3

qal consecutive-imperfect 3fp

וַתַּהֲרֶיןָ

Gen 19:36

qal consecutive-perfect 2fs

וְהָרִית

Jdg 13:3

qal consecutive-perfect 3ms

וְהָרָה

Psa 7:14

qal imperfect 2mp

תַּהֲרוּ

Isa 33:11

qal participle m p construct

הוֹרַ

Gen 49:26

qal perfect 1cp

הָרִינוּ

Isa 26:18

qal perfect 1cs

הָרִיתִי

Num 11:12