StrongerBible

hupostrephō

ὑποστρέφω

GreekG5290return, turn back, ...

Appears 35 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Luk 1:56Luk 2:20Luk 2:43Luk 2:45Luk 4:1Luk 4:14Luk 7:10Luk 8:37Luk 8:39Luk 8:40Luk 9:10Luk 10:17Luk 11:24Luk 17:15Luk 17:18Luk 19:12Luk 23:48Luk 23:56Luk 24:9Luk 24:33Luk 24:52Act 1:12Act 8:25Act 8:28Act 12:25Act 13:13Act 13:34Act 14:21Act 20:3Act 21:6Act 22:17Act 23:32Gal 1:17Heb 7:12Pe 2:21
Compound of
Word studyhoop-os-TREF-ohverb

What hupostrephō means

to return: to go back to a place or person you came from

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This is a plain travel word. It describes someone heading back the way they came, retracing their steps to a home, a city, or the people they left. It is one of Luke's favorite words: he uses it far more than any other New Testament writer, again and again to move his characters home after an errand is done. The shepherds return from the manger, Mary returns from visiting Elizabeth, the disciples return to Jerusalem after the ascension.

Almost every time, the returning is literal and physical, so the word carries no special weight of its own beyond direction: back, not onward. What matters is usually where the person is going back to and what has happened to change them on the way, which is why so many of these returns are wrapped in joy or praise (the healed leper comes back giving glory to God, the disciples come back rejoicing).

A few times the same word is used for turning back to a condition rather than a place. Someone can turn away from a commitment they had made, or a thing can be said to go back to the state it was in. The picture is the same, a reversal of direction, but the destination is a situation instead of a location.

Nuances

1ato go back to a place or person, retracing one's steps
Luk 1:56Luk 2:20Luk 2:43Luk 2:45Luk 4:1Luk 4:14Luk 7:10Luk 8:37Luk 8:39Luk 8:40Luk 9:10Luk 10:17
1bto turn back to a condition, or turn away from a commitment: a reversal aimed at a situation rather than a place
Act 13:342Pe 2:21

What scholars say about hupostrephō

The standard lexica treat this as a single, well understood verb meaning to turn back or return. BDAG gives the core sense as going back to a point or area one has come from, by far its dominant use, and notes a secondary use with a non-spatial goal (returning to a state, as in Acts 13:34, or turning away from a commitment, as in 2 Peter 2:21). The verb is overwhelmingly Lukan (some thirty of its thirty-five New Testament occurrences fall in Luke and Acts), where it functions as a structural device to close narrative episodes. It renders Hebrew shuv in the Septuagint and overlaps semantically with epistrepho, though epistrepho more readily carries the theological sense of conversion.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. ὑποστρέφωlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. ὑποστρέφωlexicon
  • EDNT, s.v. ὑποστρέφωtheological-dictionary

All attested forms of ὑποστρέφω

aorist active indicative 3p

ὑπέστρεψαν, Ὑπέστρεψαν

Luk 2:20, Luk 2:45, Luk 24:33, Luk 24:52, Act 1:12, Act 12:25, Act 14:21, Act 21:6

aorist active indicative 3s

ὑπέστρεψεν

Luk 1:56, Luk 4:1, Luk 4:14, Luk 8:37, Luk 17:15, Act 13:13

present active infinitive

ὑποστρέφειν

Luk 2:43, Luk 8:40, Act 13:34, Act 20:3

aorist active participle nominative m p

ὑποστρέψαντες

Luk 7:10, Luk 9:10, Luk 17:18

aorist active infinitive

ὑποστρέψαι

Luk 19:12, 2Pe 2:21

aorist active participle nominative f p

ὑποστρέψασαι

Luk 23:56, Luk 24:9

imperfect active indicative 3p

ὑπέστρεφον

Luk 23:48, Act 8:25

aorist active indicative 1s

ὑπέστρεψα

Gal 1:17

aorist active participle dative m s

ὑποστρέψαντι

Act 22:17

future active indicative 1s

ὑποστρέψω

Luk 11:24

present active imperative 2s

ὑπόστρεφε

Luk 8:39

present active participle dative m s

ὑποστρέφοντι

Heb 7:1

present active participle nominative m s

ὑποστρέφων

Act 8:28