StrongerBible

tessares

τέσσαρες

GreekG5064four

Appears 41 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Mat 24:31Mrk 2:3Mrk 13:27Luk 2:37Jhn 11:17Jhn 19:23Act 10:11Act 11:5Act 12:4Act 21:9Act 21:23Act 27:29Rev 4:4 (2×)Rev 4:6Rev 4:8Rev 4:10Rev 5:6Rev 5:8 (2×)Rev 5:14Rev 6:1Rev 6:6Rev 7:1 (3×)Rev 7:2Rev 7:4Rev 7:11Rev 9:13Rev 9:14Rev 9:15Rev 11:16Rev 14:1Rev 14:3 (2×)Rev 15:7Rev 19:4 (2×)Rev 20:8Rev 21:17
Root family
Names & words formed with this
Word studyTESS-ar-esadjective

What tessares means

four: the cardinal number 4

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This is simply the number four, used to count people, objects, and units of time. It works exactly as the English word does: four men carrying a paralyzed man (Mark 2:3), four days in the tomb (John 11:17), four soldiers dividing clothing (John 19:23), four anchors dropped from a ship (Acts 27:29). There is nothing hidden in the word itself; it counts what it counts.

Where four becomes striking is not in its dictionary meaning but in how often the Bible uses it to picture wholeness across the whole world. Four winds blow from four directions and four corners of the earth, a way of saying "from everywhere" (Matthew 24:31, Mark 13:27, Revelation 7:1). Four angels stand at the edges of the earth, and four messengers gather the chosen from end to end.

This whole-world sense saturates Revelation, which uses four more than any other book. The four living creatures around God's throne, echoing the four faces of the cherubim Ezekiel saw, represent all of creation worshiping its Maker. The pattern does not change the meaning of the number; four still means four. It simply shows that biblical writers loved to let the count itself carry a picture of completeness reaching in every direction.

Mat 24:31Mrk 2:3Mrk 13:27Luk 2:37Jhn 11:17Jhn 19:23Act 10:11Act 11:5Act 12:4Act 21:9Act 21:23Act 27:29

What scholars say about tessares

A common Indo-European cardinal numeral; the lexica record no semantic dispute. BDAG (s.v. τέσσαρες) and LSJ document the standard inflected forms and the predictable extension to the four winds, four corners, and four-directional imagery, which is idiomatic for totality rather than a distinct sense of the numeral. The frequency in Revelation (the four living creatures) draws on the four-faced cherubim of Ezekiel 1 and 10 and the four-living-creature tradition discussed in the Apocalypse commentaries.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. τέσσαρεςlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. τέσσαρεςlexicon

All attested forms of τέσσαρες

genitive n p

τεσσάρων

Luk 2:37, Rev 5:6, Rev 6:1, Rev 6:6, Rev 7:11, Rev 9:13, Rev 14:3, Rev 15:7

nominative m p

τέσσαρες

Act 21:23, Rev 4:4, Rev 4:10, Rev 5:8, Rev 9:15, Rev 11:16, Rev 19:4

nominative n p

τέσσαρα

Rev 4:6, Rev 4:8, Rev 5:8, Rev 5:14, Rev 19:4

accusative m p

τέσσαρας

Rev 4:4, Rev 7:1, Rev 7:1, Rev 9:14

accusative f p

τέσσαρας

Jhn 11:17, Act 27:29, Rev 7:1

dative f p

τέσσαρσιν

Act 10:11, Act 11:5, Rev 20:8

genitive m p

τεσσάρων

Mat 24:31, Mrk 2:3, Mrk 13:27

nominative f p

τέσσαρες

Act 21:9, Rev 7:4, Rev 14:1

adj

τέσσαρες, τεσσάρων

Rev 14:3, Rev 21:17

accusative n p

τέσσαρα

Jhn 19:23

dative m p

τέσσαρσιν

Rev 7:2

dative n p

τέσσαρσιν

Act 12:4