StrongerBible

sigaō

σιγάω

GreekG4601be silent, hold one's peace, ...

Appears 10 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Luk 9:36Luk 18:39Luk 20:26Act 12:17Act 15:12Act 15:13Rom 16:25(14:24)1Co 14:281Co 14:301Co 14:34
Root family
Word studysee-GAH-ohverb

What sigaō means

to be silent: to stop speaking, or to keep a matter unspoken

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

This verb describes the act of not speaking: a person who stops talking, holds back, and says nothing. In the Gospels and Acts it is what a crowd does when it has no reply left (Luke 20:26), what the disciples do after the Transfiguration when they tell no one what they have seen (Luke 9:36), and what a speaker is asked to do so that another can be heard (Acts 15:12-13; 1 Corinthians 14:28-34).

The same verb can also describe a truth kept unspoken. In Romans 16:25 the gospel is a mystery that was "kept secret" through long ages, held in silence until God chose to make it known. Here the silence is not a person pausing but a matter deliberately concealed, and then at last told.

Greek has several near neighbors for silence, and they divide along a fine line. The hush of stillness, a quiet that simply falls, belongs more to σιωπάω; the quiet of settling down and resting, ceasing from activity, is ἡσυχάζω; and being silenced by force, muzzled, is φιμόω. This word sits closest to the plain "hold one's peace": choosing not to speak.

Nuances

1ato stop speaking; to hold one's peace
Luk 9:36Luk 18:39Luk 20:26Act 12:17Act 15:12Act 15:131Co 14:281Co 14:301Co 14:34
1bto be kept secret; left unspoken
Rom 16:25(14:24)

What scholars say about sigaō

BDAG divides the verb into an intransitive sense (to say nothing, keep silent, stop speaking) and a sense of keeping something from becoming known (to keep secret, conceal), the latter carried by the perfect passive participle at Romans 16:25. LSJ traces the same range across classical usage. Trench distinguishes this verb, the silence of one who refrains from speech, from its neighbor the silence of stillness or a hush that falls. The word is common and its sense is uncontested.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. σιγάωlexicon
  • LSJ, s.v. σιγάωlexicon
  • R. C. Trench, Synonyms of the New Testament, on σιγάω and σιωπάωreference

All attested forms of σιγάω

aorist active indicative 3p

ἐσίγησαν

Luk 9:36, Luk 20:26

present active imperative 3s

σιγάτω

1Co 14:28, 1Co 14:30

aorist active indicative 3s

ἐσίγησεν

Act 15:12

aorist active infinitive

σιγῆσαι

Act 15:13

aorist active subjunctive 3s

σιγήσῃ

Luk 18:39

perfect passive participle genitive n s

σεσιγημένου

Rom 16:25

present active imperative 3p

σιγάτωσαν

1Co 14:34

present active infinitive

σιγᾶν

Act 12:17