StrongerBible

klēronomos

κληρονόμος

GreekG2818heir

Appears 15 times · tap a cell to see the verses

Mat 21:38Mrk 12:7Luk 20:14Rom 4:13Rom 4:14Rom 8:17 (2×)Gal 3:29Gal 4:1Gal 4:7Tit 3:7Heb 1:2Heb 6:17Heb 11:7Jas 2:5
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Word studyklay-ro-NOM-osnoun

What klēronomos means

heir: the person with the legal right to receive an inheritance

TranslatabilityDirectCertaintySettled

An heir is the one in line to receive what belongs to another, usually a father's estate passing to a son. The word names the person, not the property: the estate itself is a different word (κληρονομία), and the act of coming into it is another (κληρονομέω). In the parable of the vineyard the tenants recognize the owner's son as "the heir" and plot to kill him precisely so the inheritance will fall to them, which shows the plain legal force of the term: the heir is the rightful future owner.

The New Testament takes this everyday legal picture and applies it to God's people. Believers are called "heirs of God," "heirs of the promise," "heirs of the kingdom," and "heirs of eternal life," meaning they hold a secure, God-given claim to what he has promised. Paul presses the image furthest in Romans, where believers are "joint heirs with Christ" (συγκληρονόμος), sharing in what belongs to the Son.

Both uses are the same word with the same core idea: a person who will rightfully receive a possession. The only difference is whether the inheritance is a literal estate or the blessings God has pledged.

Nuances

1aan heir in the ordinary legal sense: the person, usually a son, in line to receive an estate
Mat 21:38Mrk 12:7Luk 20:14Gal 4:1
1ban heir of what God gives: one who holds a rightful claim to God's promised blessings
Rom 4:13Rom 4:14Rom 8:17 (2×)Gal 3:29Gal 4:7Tit 3:7Heb 1:2Heb 6:17Heb 11:7Jas 2:5

What scholars say about klēronomos

The lexica treat the sense as settled: BDAG distinguishes a literal use (one who receives property by inheritance, prominent in the vineyard parable and the legal analogy of Galatians 4:1) from a figurative use (one who receives something on the basis of a relationship, e.g. heir of the world, of the promise, of the kingdom). The noun derives from the κλῆρος word-group (lot, allotted portion) and belongs with the verb κληρονομέω and the noun κληρονομία. Foerster's TDNT article traces how the New Testament writers, especially Paul and Hebrews, transpose the settled legal institution of inheritance into the language of God's promise to Abraham and its fulfillment in Christ and those united to him.

Sources

  • BDAG, s.v. κληρονόμοςlexicon
  • W. Foerster, "κληρονόμος," TDNT 3:781-785theological-dictionary
  • EDNT, s.v. κληρονόμοςtheological-dictionary

All attested forms of κληρονόμος

nominative m s

κληρονόμος

Mat 21:38, Mrk 12:7, Luk 20:14, Gal 4:1, Gal 4:7, Heb 11:7

nominative m p

κληρονόμοι

Rom 4:14, Rom 8:17, Rom 8:17, Gal 3:29, Tit 3:7

accusative m s

κληρονόμον

Rom 4:13, Heb 1:2

accusative m p

κληρονόμους

Jas 2:5

dative m p

κληρονόμοις

Heb 6:17